摘要
在黑木耳栽培基质中添加不同浓度的Pb、Cd、Hg、As,研究4种重金属在黑木耳生产过程中的转移转化规律及其子实体的富集特性,通过建立数学模型预测其安全限量值。结果表明,黑木耳子实体对4种重金属元素的富集能力表现为Pb>Cd>As>Hg,子实体中的含量随着栽培基质中含量的增加而增加,As、Cd、Pb的富集系数随栽培基质中含量的增加而下降,对Hg的富集系数随栽培基质中含量的增加而升高。拌料制袋、灭菌、接种至菌包摆袋环节的菌包中As含量均无明显变化,拌料制袋后菌包中Pb、Cd含量较栽培基质有所增加,灭菌阶段Hg含量显著降低。以栽培基质和黑木耳子实体中的重金属含量关系建立Pb、Cd、Hg、As的数学模型,4个模型均通过了显著性检验,拟合优度较高。说明黑木耳对Pb、Cd、Hg、As均有一定的富集作用,栽培基质中各元素的污染限量值分别为2.942、4.084、1.068、6.566 mg·kg^(-1),生产中应严格控制栽培基质中的重金属含量。
Add different concentrations of Pb,Cd,Hg,and As elements to the substrate of Auricularia auricula cultivation,study the transfer and transformation laws of four heavy metals in the production process of A.auricula and the enrichment charac-teristics of their fruit bodies.By establishing a mathematical model,predict their safety limits.The results showed that the enrichment ability of A.auricula fruit bodies to four heavy metal elements was Pb>Cd>As>Hg.The element content in fruit bodies increased with the increase of the content in cultivation substrate.The enrichment coefficients of As,Cd and Pb de-creased with the increase of the content in cultivation substrate,while the enrichment coefficients of Hg increased with the in-crease of the content in cultivation substrate.There was no significant change in the As content of the cultivated bag during the process of mixing,sterilization,and inoculation until the cultivated bag was placed.However,the Pb and Cd content of the cul-tivated bag increased after mixing,while the Hg content decreased significantly during the sterilization stage.A mathematical model for Pb,Cd,Hg,As was established based on the relationship between the heavy metal content in the cultivation sub-strate and the fruit body of A.auricula.All four models passed the significance test and had a high goodness of fit.It indicates that A.auricula has a certain enrichment effect on Pb,Cd,Hg and As,and the pollution limits of four heavy metal in the culti-vation medium are 2.942,4.084,1.068 and 6.566 mg·kg^(-1),respectively,thus the content of heavy metal elements in the cultiva-tion substrat should be strictly controlled during production.
作者
董照锋
李俊
赵宇
陆康
乔怡木
DONG Zhao-feng;LI Jun;ZHAO Yu;LU Kang;QIAO Yi-mu(Shangluo Agricultural Product Quality and Safety Center,Shangluo 726000,China)
出处
《中国食用菌》
2023年第5期70-75,共6页
Edible Fungi of China
基金
国家重点研发项目(2019YFC1606701)。
关键词
黑木耳
重金属
转移规律
Auricularia auricula
heavy metal
transfer and transformation law
