摘要
目的了解河南省城乡居民健康素养水平,分析其影响因素,为制定健康素养干预策略提供新方法、新思路。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,抽取河南省15~69岁常住人口共9600人进行健康素养问卷调查,数据清洗后,有效问卷共8993份。使用SPSS 23.0进行统计分析,采用χ^(2)检验、二元logistic回归分析健康素养的影响因素。结果河南省居民健康素养水平为26.76%;基本健康知识和理念、健康生活方式与行为和基本技能的素养水平分别为40.72%,28.80%,28.59%;科学健康观、传染病防治、慢性病防治、安全与急救、基本医疗和健康信息的素养水平分别为44.83%、29.04%、29.61%、61.01%、31.14%、36.46%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,影响河南省居民健康素养水平的关键因素是年龄、文化程度、家庭收入和是否吸烟。以15~24岁为对照,55~64岁(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.49~0.90)、65~69岁(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.34~0.71)健康素养水平较低,35~44岁(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.06~1.82)健康素养水平高;吸烟者(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.68~0.93)健康素养水平低于未吸烟者;随着文化程度的增加,素养水平逐渐升高;年收入≥3万者(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.04~1.64)具备健康素养的可能为<3万者的1.31倍。结论2020年河南省居民健康素养水平明显升高,但仍应持续加大宣传力度,加强对55岁以上人群、低文化程度、低收入、吸烟等重点人群开展健康宣教。
Objective To understand the health literacy level among residents in Henan province and analyze its influencing factors for providing new methods and ideas for the development of health literacy intervention strategies.Methods A total of 9600 permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Henan province were selected for health literacy questionnaire survey by multistage stratified random sampling method.After data cleaning,a total of 8993 valid questionnaires were collected.SPSS 23.0 complex sampling module was used to analyze the survey data,in which chi-square(χ^(2))and binomial logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the influence factors of health literacy.Results The health literacy level among the residents in Henan province was 26.76%;the literacy levels of basic health knowledge and concept,healthy lifestyle and behavior literacy,and basic skills were 40.72%,28.80%and 28.59%,respectively.The literacy levels of scientific health concept,infectious disease prevention and control,chronic disease prevention and control,safety and first aid,basic medical treatment and health information were 44.83%,29.04%,29.61%,61.01%,31.14%and 36.46%,respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the key factors affecting the health literacy level of residents in Henan province were age,education level,family income and smoking.Compared with the group of 15 to 24 years old,the groups of 55 to 64 years old(OR=0.66,95%CI:0.49-0.90)and 65 to 69 years old(OR=0.49,95%CI:0.34-0.71)had lower levels of health literacy,and the group of 35 to 44 years old(OR=1.39,95%CI:1.06-1.82)high level of health literacy in the age group;the health literacy level among smokers(OR=0.79,95%CI:0.68-0.93)was lower than that among non-smokers.With the increase of the educational level,the health literacy level gradually increases.The residents with annual income≥30000(OR=1.31,95%CI:1.04-1.64)were 1.31 times more likely to have health literacy than those with annual income<30000.Conclusions In 2020,the health literacy level among residents in Henan province was significantly improved.However,it is necessary to continue to strengthen the publicity and education among the people over 55 years old,low education level,low income,smoking and other key groups.
作者
王捷
王璐
张玉林
何景阳
WANG Jie;WANG Lu;ZHANG Yulin;HE Jingyang(Health Education Institute,Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Zhengzhou 450016,China)
出处
《现代疾病预防控制》
2023年第10期735-739,745,共6页
MODERN DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION
关键词
河南省
健康素养
影响因素
Henan province
Health literacy
Influencing factors
