摘要
发展全球伙伴关系,是习近平外交思想的重要组成部分,对其进行学理研究十分必要。西方主流国际关系理论认为,联盟是以合作谋安全的主要路径。然而为什么中国要积极发展伙伴关系而不是联盟?伙伴关系是如何发挥效用的?在借鉴世界政治关系理论与社会学关系主义相关论点的基础上,本文对伙伴关系的概念进行了辨析与界定,并提出伙伴关系发挥效用的理想机制模型。伙伴关系是两个或两个以上国际行为体在平等、独立、不结盟原则下,通过建立、维护和发展友好关系,促进实现共同利益的灵活性国际合作框架。伙伴关系具有最小共识、对话协商与动态多层等行为指向,可以推动关系性合作。关系性合作是以维护和发展关系为主导的国际合作实践,是伙伴关系作用机制的核心。伙伴关系可以通过关系性合作塑造伙伴身份、构建伙伴环境。中国在东南亚地区发展伙伴关系的实践过程充分体现了这一理论逻辑。中国与东盟、东南亚国家的伙伴关系由疏至亲,彼此的关系性合作不断深化,即便面临地区热点和体系压力,依然表现出强大的韧性。与此同时,伙伴身份推动东南亚地区日益形成结伙伴、谋合作、促发展的良好地区伙伴环境。这一典型案例昭示,积极发展全球伙伴关系已经成为中国构建新型国际关系的新路径。
Deepening and expanding global partnerships is an important part of Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy,which is worthy of theoretical study.The mainstream of western International Relations Theory holds that alliances are the main path to cooperation for security.Yet why is China actively developing partnerships rather than alliances?How do partnerships work?Based on the relevant arguments of the relational theory of world politics and sociological relationalism,this paper identifies and defines the concept of partnership,and proposes a model of an ideal mechanism for partnership to play its role.Partnership is a flexible framework of international cooperation in which two or more international actors promote the realization of common interests through the establishment,maintenance and development of friendly relations under the principles of equality,independence and non-alignment.Partnership,with its behavioral orientation of minimal consensus,dialogue and consultation and dynamic multilayers,can promote relational cooperation,which is a practice of internationa1l cooperation oriented towards maintaining and developing relationships,and the core of the mechanism of partnership.Through relational cooperation,partnerships can shape the identity of partners and build an environment for partnership.China's practice of developing partnerships in Southeast Asia fully embodies this theoretical logic.China has deepened its relational cooperation through partnership with ASEAN and with Southeast Asian countries,which has demonstrated strong resilience even in the face of regional hotspots and systemic pressures.Meanwhile,the partnership identity has promoted the fostering of a regional environment in Southeast Asia of partnering,seeking cooperation and advancing development.This typical case shows that the active development of global partnerships has become a new path for China to building a new model of international relations.
出处
《外交评论（外交学院学报）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第5期48-72,I0002,I0003,共27页
Foreign Affairs Review
基金
国家社会科学基金“研究阐释习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想”重大研究专项“习近平外交思想研究”(项目编号:18VZT001)的阶段性成果。
关键词
习近平外交思想
伙伴关系
关系性合作
东南亚国家
东盟
联盟
国际合作
关系理论
Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy
partnership
relational cooperation
Southeast Asia
ASEAN
alliance
international cooperation
relational theory
