摘要
地质数据是地质工作的记录和成果表达的载体。结合地质工作和地质信息化建设的实践体会,本文系统梳理了地质工作野外调查、观测监测、工程揭露、地球物理勘探、地球化学勘探、遥感地质调查、分析测试、综合研究等手段采集及数字化已有资料形成的数据特点,从地质数据客观存在和应用角度归纳出其具有广泛应用性、特殊再利用价值、高度相关性、较大局限性和多解性、多模态异构复杂性、高时空性、量大汇聚快等特点。这既具有大数据的典型特征,又具有地质行业的鲜明特色,是自然资源大数据和国家大数据的重要组成部分。同时,分析了近年来我国地质大数据建设存在的主要问题,提出了地质大数据建设应加强地质数据模型归纳、地质大数据存储管理模式建立、地质大数据结构化转化技术、地质大数据产品分级标准与处理技术、地质大数据融合分析等方面研究工作,以及完善地质大数据体系建设,将地质大数据纳入联合国全球可持续发展空间地学信息框架等发展方向。
Geological data serves as the repository of records and achievements within the field of geology.Combined with a deep understanding of geological work and practical experience in geological information construction,this paper systematically analyzes the characteristics of data collected through various geological the methods,including field surveys,observations and monitoring,engineering disclosures,geophysical explorations,geochemical explorations,remote sensing geological surveys,analysis and testing,and comprehensive research.Additionally,it addresses the digitization of existing data from a data perspective;Looking at geological data from the perspective of its objective existence and practical application,it becomes evident that geological data exhibits characteristics such as wide applicability,special reuse value,high correlation,large limitations,multiple solutions,multimodal heterogeneous complexity,high spatiotemporal characteristics,large amount and fast convergence,etc.This suggests that geological data has typical characteristics of big data,while also has its own significant characteristics,and is an important component of natural resources big data and national big data.Based on this,the paper proceeds to analyze the main problems in the construction of geological big data in China in recent years.It is proposed that the construction of geological big data should strengthen research on geological data models,geological big data storage,management models,structural transformation of geological big data,hierarchical management of geological big data products,and geological big data fusion analysis.These measures are proposed to enhance the construction of geological big data system.Furthermore,the paper suggests the integration of geological big data into the United Nations’global sustainable development spatial geoscience information framework and other development directions.
作者
谭永杰
刘荣梅
朱月琴
文敏
TAN Yongjie;LIU Rongmei;ZHU Yueqin;WEN Min(Technology Innovation Center for Geological Information,Ministry of Natural Resources of the People’s Republic of China,Beijing 100055,China;Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100081,China;Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey Command Center,China Geological Survey,Beijing 100055,China;National Institute of Natural Hazards,Beijing 100085,China)
出处
《时空信息学报》
2023年第3期313-320,共8页
JOURNAL OF SPATIO-TEMPORAL INFORMATION
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41772353,41872253)
中国地质调查局地质调查项目(DD 20230137)。
关键词
地质工作
地质数据
地质大数据
特点
发展方向
geological work
geological data
geological big data
characteristics
development direction
