摘要
基于2014—2022年福建古田地面火箭人工增雨随机试验样本,利用回波强度、回波顶高和负温层厚度等雷达宏观参量以及双偏振参量差分反射率和差分相位差,开展人工增雨随机试验物理检验及催化个例的物理响应研究。结果表明:与作业后非催化样本回波强度小幅上升后快速减弱相比,81.6%的催化样本在作业后回波强度增强,其中52.6%的样本最大增幅为0~20%(不含0),21.1%的样本增幅为20%~50%(不含20%),7.9%的样本增幅超过50%;作业后52.6%的催化样本出现回波顶高升高和负温层增厚现象,其中36.8%的样本增长0~20%(不含0),13.2%的样本增长20%~50%(不含20%),2.6%的样本增长超过50%;催化样本的双偏振参量差分反射率和差分相位差在作业后也出现持续增强;个例分析显示,催化作业有助于云体发展、增强和维持,促使降水量显著增加,不仅降水粒子增多增大,云体生命史也延长。
The verification of the effectiveness of artificial rain enhancement is a worldwide challenge.Based on random experiments of ground-based rocket artificial rain enhancement at Gutian from 2014 to 2022,physical verification of stage samples is carried out using radar macro parameters such as radar echo intensity,echo top height,and thickness of the negative temperature layer.The evolution characteristic analysis of dual-polarization parameters ZDR and KDP is conducted.The physical characteristic response of seeded cases is studied by combining ground raindrop size distribution data.The analysis results show that the non-seeded samples have a small increase in echo intensity,echo top height,and negative temperature layer thickness after hypothetical artificial precipitation enhancement operation,but then quickly decrease.Seeded samples generally show an increase in echo intensity after operation,reaching a peak after 36 minutes.There are 52.6%,21.1%and 7.9%of seeded samples with maximum growth rates of 0-20%(excluding 0),20%-50%(excluding 20%)and above 50%,respectively.Half of seeded samples show an increase in echo top height and negative temperature layer thickness,with the former showing a significant increase after 30 minutes and maintaining stability,while the latter increase significantly after 12 minutes.Among them,36.8%,13.2%and 2.6%of seeded samples increase with maximum growth rates of 0-20%(excluding 0),20%-50%(excluding 20%)and over 50%,respectively.At the same time,the dual-polarization parameters ZDR and KDP show sustained enhancement after operation.From the physical response characteristics of seeded individual case,ZDR column appearing in the cloud after operation indicates that the upward airflow in the cloud has increased,causing the echo top height to rise and the echo intensity to increase or maintain.At the same time,KDP column also indicates that there are more large raindrops or partially melted ice particles in the cloud after operation.The ground rainfall size distribution shows a characteristic of increasing first with small and medium drops and then with large drops,resulting in an increase in spectral width.The maximum minute rainfall intensity generated by the cloud system within 50 minutes after the operation increases significantly,and the cumulative rainfall has increased by 49%compared to the operation time.In summary,cloud seeding helps the development,enhancement,and maintenance of clouds,not only increasing the number and size of precipitation particles,but also to some extent prolonging the life of the cloud.
作者
胡淑萍
林文
林长城
李丹
江善赐
冯宏芳
Hu Shuping;Lin Wen;Lin Changcheng;Li Dan;Jiang Shanci;Feng Hongfang(Gutian Meteorological Station of Ningdde,Fujian,Ningde 352000;Fujian Institute of Meteorological Sciences,Fuzhou 350001;Fujian Key Laboratory of Severe Weather,Fuzhou 350001;Key Laboratory for Strait Disaster Weather of CMA,Fuzhou 350001)
出处
《应用气象学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第6期706-716,共11页
Journal of Applied Meteorological Science
基金
国家重点研发计划(2019YFC1510303)
中央引导地方科技发展专项(2021L3010040)。
关键词
人工增雨
随机试验
物理检验
雷达
雨滴谱
artificial rain enhancement
randomized experiments
physical testing
radar
raindrop size distribution
