摘要
破除旅游要素市场分割是建设全国旅游统一大市场、构建旅游新发展格局的关键。文章以2015—2019年中国138个地级市为研究样本,通过构建有调节的中介模型系统考察了大气污染情境下劳动力市场产业分割对旅游产业发展的作用机制。研究有如下发现。(1)处于工资洼地的旅游产业在劳动力市场缺乏信号显示优势,劳动力市场分割会通过“挤出”旅游产业劳动力对旅游产业发展产生抑制作用。(2)劳动力市场产业分割并非对旅游产业劳动力配置单独发挥影响,研究将大气污染作为重要的情境变量考察其与劳动力市场产业分割的叠加效应,发现劳动力在产业间的迁移存在“要钱还是要命”的权衡关系。在大气污染较为严重(主要大气污染物浓度≥136.59μg/m^(3))的城市,旅游产业的健康改善效应对货币化收益具有很强的替代性,可以完全抵消劳动力配置对旅游产业发展的负向传导作用。(3)基于完整时间维度进一步考察大气污染的滞后效应与预期效应,发现未来比过去更重要。劳动者为规避大气污染健康损害所做出的跨产业迁移决策,呈现明显的长期导向特征。以上研究发现为从劳动力市场一体化角度发展旅游产业提供了政策启示,同时揭示出生态健康与人类生命健康的同构性。旅游产业是工具理性和价值理性双重理性和谐统一、深度融合的产业,是健康人力资本的关键生产机制。该研究对以旅游产业作为破冰产业推动建立与社会主义现代化相适应的健康与美丽结合的健美中国、实现人的自由而全面的发展具有重要意义。
As the first of the"five happiness industries",the tourism industry has both economic and social attributes and can improve people's well-being in many aspects,such as GDP contribution,poverty control,urban and rural development,green and low-carbon,and physical and mental health.The segmentation of the tourism elements market is a crucial bottleneck to improve the development quality of the happiness industry.Taking 138 prefecture-level cities in China from 2015 to 2019 as research samples,and adopting a moderated mediation model,this paper systematically investigates the mechanism of industrial segmentation of the labor market on the development of the tourism industry and the differences in the mechanism under different air pollution scenarios.The results show that(1)the labor market is embedded in the existing authoritative structure of the market,and the"redistribution economy"and the market economy,two kinds of social and economic forms,are intermingled,resulting in serious labor market segmentation in the tourism industry in various regions and other industries,which is not conducive to"building a national unified large market"or smooth domestic circulation.(2)The tourism industry under the wage depression period lacks signal display advantages in the labor market,and labor market segmentation will inhibit the development of the tourism industry by"crowding out"the labor force of the tourism industry.(3)Industrial segmentation in the labor market does not only affect tourism industry labor allocation.The study takes air pollution as an important situational variable to investigate its superposition effect with industrial segmentation in the labor market and finds that there is a trade-off between"money or life"in the migration of labor between industries.Air pollution is relatively serious(the concentration of main air pollutants≥136.59μg/m^(3)),and the health improvement effect of the tourism industry has a strong substitution for monetized income,which can completely offset the negative transmission effect of labor allocation on the development of the tourism industry.(4)Based on the complete time dimension,we further investigate the lag effect and expected effect of air pollution and find that the future is more important than the past.The decision-making of cross-industry migration made by workers to avoid the health damage of air pollution shows obvious long-term guiding characteristics.The above findings provide policy enlightenment for the development of the tourism industry from the perspective of labor market integration,but more importantly,they reveal the isomorphism between ecological health and human health,which is of great significance for promoting the establishment of a healthy and beautiful China.The tourism industry is an industry with harmonious unity and deep integration of"instrumental rationality"and"value rationality".This study is of great significance to promote the establishment of a healthy and beautiful China that is compatible with socialist modernization and to realize the free and comprehensive development of human beings by taking the tourism industry as the breakthrough industry.
作者
张慧
王婷伟
周春梅
ZHANG Hui;WANG Tingwei;ZHOU Chunmei(College of Tourism,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021,China;School of Economics and Finance,Huaqiao University,Quanzhou 362021,China)
出处
《旅游学刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2023年第11期80-94,共15页
Tourism Tribune
基金
福建省社会科学基金项目“福建省旅游业高质量发展的动力机制与推进路径研究”(FJ2021B143)资助。
关键词
劳动力市场产业分割
旅游产业劳动力配置
旅游产业发展
价值理性
大气污染
labor market industry segmentation
tourism industry labor allocation
tourism industry development
value rationality
air pollution
