摘要
为探究植物油蜡热处理对不同树种木材的物理性能及尺寸稳定性的影响,以臭冷杉、落叶松和条纹乌木为研究对象,自主配置的植物油蜡溶液为加热介质,分别在不同温度(140、170、200℃)下对木材进行4 h的高温热处理,再通过充分的冷却确保植物油蜡完全进入木材内部,并利用扫描电镜观察其内部结构。研究结果表明,室温冷却阶段是木材油蜡热处理的关键,该阶段植物油蜡大量进入木材内部,这主要表现为木材试件增重百分比(Weight Percentage Gain,WPG)的变化。经植物油蜡联合热处理后,3种木材最大颜色变化(ΔE^(*))分别为48.24、40.67、5.95;表面疏水性均有稳定提高,接触角(Water Contact Angle,WCA)稳定提升至70°左右;不同树种的弦向、径向线湿胀率及体积膨胀率均有不同程度的降低,抗膨胀效率(Anti Swelling Efficiency,ASE)有效提高,3种木材最大提高49.64%、48.24%、38.86%,说明植物油蜡热处理可以提升木材尺寸稳定性。
In order to explore the effect of heat treatment of vegetable oil wax on the physical properties and dimensional stability of wood of different tree species,Abies nephrolepis Maxim.,Larix gmelinii and Diospyros celebica were taken as the research objects,and the independently prepared vegetable oil wax solution was used as the heating medium.The wood was heat treated at different temperatures(140,170,200 ℃) for 4 hours,and then the vegetable oil wax was fully cooled to ensure that it entered the interior of the wood.The internal structure was observed by scanning electron microscope.The results showed that the room temperature cooling stage was the key of wood oil wax heat treatment.At this stage,a large amount of vegetable oil wax entered the interior of wood,which was mainly reflected in the change of wood specimen weight percentage gain(WPG).The maximum color change(ΔE~*) of three kinds of wood after combined heat treatment with vegetable oil and wax were 48.24,40.67,5.95.The surface hydrophobicity was improved steadily,and the water contact angle(WCA) was increased to about 70°.The tangential and radial moisture expansion rates and volume expansion rates of different tree species were reduced to varying degrees,and the anti swelling efficiency(ASE) was effectively improved,with the maximum increase of 49.64%,48.24% and 38.86% for the three kinds of wood,indicating that vegetable oil wax heat treatment can improve the dimensional stability of wood.
作者
蒋金成
李璟
张镜元
王秉泉
战剑锋
JIANG Jincheng;LI Jing;ZHANG Jingyuan;WANG Bingquan;ZHAN Jianfeng(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《森林工程》
北大核心
2024年第1期106-113,共8页
Forest Engineering
基金
中央高校基本科研业务费C类资助项目(2572019CJ01)。
关键词
植物油蜡
热处理
木材
物理性能
尺寸稳定性
Vegetable oil wax
heat treatment
wood
physical property
dimensional stability
