摘要
为深入研究扣件系统的力学特性及其损伤失效对轮轨系统振动的影响,基于精细的扣件系统有限元模型揭示扣件弹条扣压状态和轨下胶垫支承状态的非线性力学特征,提出并建立考虑扣件系统非线性力学行为的车辆与轨道动力分析模型。通过实测结果验证本文模型的计算可靠性,并分析扣件失效类型对轮轨系统动力响应特性的影响。研究结果表明:弹条扣压力随弹程增大而近似呈双线性特征,单个弹条扣压刚度在“2点接触”状态时为0.675 kN/mm,在“3点接触”状态时为5.11 kN/mm;本文模型计算得到的钢轨加速度响应频率100 Hz以上的较传统模型明显增大,与实际情况更为接近;传统模型利用刚度属性折减或去掉弹簧单元来实现扣件弹条失效的模拟,会放大失效区域附近的轮轨系统动力响应;针对扣件失效的情况,包括弹条失效和胶垫失效,实际现场运营维护时不仅要关注失效区域内的轨道结构状态,对于后邻近区域也要及时加强关注。
In order to in-depth study the mechanical characteristics of the fastening system and the impact of damage and failure on the vibration of the wheel-rail system,the nonlinear mechanical characteristics of the fastening bar-spring clip and the rubber pad under the rail were revealed based on the refined finite element model of the fastening system.A detailed vehicle and track dynamic analysis model considering the vertical nonlinear mechanical behavior of the fastening system was proposed and established.The reliability of the model is verified by the field measurement results,and the effects of different failure types of fastening system on the dynamic response characteristics of the wheel-rail system were analyzed.The results show that the clamping force is approximately bilinear with the increase of the deflection of the clip,0.675 kN/mm in the state of"2-point contact",and 5.11 kN/mm in the state of"3-point contact".The frequency components of the rail acceleration response in the region above 100 Hz are more abundant calculated by this model.The traditional model uses the stiffness attribute to reduce or remove the spring element to simulate the failure of the fastening bar-spring clip,which will amplify the dynamic response of the wheel-rail system near the failure area.In view of fastening system failure,including clip failure and rail pad failure,attention should be paid not only to the track structure state in the failure area,but also to the rear adjacent area in time during actual on-site operation and maintenance.
作者
马登科
时瑾
王英杰
MA Dengke;SHI Jin;WANG Yingjie(School of Civil Engineering,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100084,China)
出处
《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第11期4573-4583,共11页
Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078035,52178406)。
关键词
扣件系统
非线性力学行为
动力分析模型
扣件失效
振动特性
fastening system
nonlinear mechanical behavior
dynamic analysis model
fastening failure
vibration characteristic
