摘要
玛纳斯河流域草地覆盖度及其空间异质性的研究,有助于及时掌握干旱半干旱流域草地现状,对进行草地保护、生态恢复及建设具有重要意义。基于流域9类天然草地类型数据,利用2001-2020年MODIS NDVI数据,采用像元二分法模型和趋势分析法分析不同草地类型覆盖度及其动态变化趋势;基于气候、地形、土壤数据,利用地理加权回归模型分析草地覆盖度与自然环境因子的空间异质性。结果表明:(1)近20 a,流域草地覆盖度呈显著增加趋势,年均值为28.78%,增速为0.0032/20 a,高值集中于43.5°N左右的南部山地区,低值集中于北部荒漠区;其中山地草甸覆盖度最高为67.13%,温性荒漠覆盖度最低为23.33%。(2)草地覆盖度提升面积和下降面积分别占流域草地总面积的75.39%与24.31%,其中流域西部的温性荒漠提升面积最广,山地草甸退化最为严重。(3)年平均降水、土壤有机碳含量对草地覆盖度主要为正向影响,年平均气温、海拔变幅、土壤酸碱度、土壤含沙量主要为负向影响。各因子与草地覆盖度的互作表现出明显的空间差异性,在流域北部草地覆盖度受降水和海拔变幅控制作用较为显著,中部主要受气温、降水影响,而南部主要受气温、降水和土壤含沙量的影响。
The study on grassland coverage and its spatial heterogeneity in Manas River Basin is helpful to timely grasp the current situation of grassland in arid areas,and is of great significance for grassland protection,ecological restoration and construction.Based on the data of 9 types of natural grassland and MODIS NDVI data of from 2001 to 2020 in the basin,this study uses the pixel dichotomy model and trend analysis method to analyze the coverage and dynamic change trend of different grassland types.And based on the data of climate,topography and soil,the spatial heterogeneity of grassland coverage and natural environment factors is analyzed by geographical weighted regression model.The results show that:(1)In the past 20 years,the grassland coverage in Manas River Basin has shown a significant increasing trend,with an average annual value of 28.78%and a growth rate of 0.0032/20 a.The high value is concentrated in the southern mountain area of about 43.5°N,and the low value is concentrated in the northern desert area;Among the grassland types in the basin,the mountain meadow has the highest coverage with a value of 67.13%,while the temperate desert has the lowest coverage with a value of 23.33%.(2)The area of increasing and decreasing grassland coverage in Manas River Basin account for 75.39%and 24.31%of the total grassland area,respectively.Among different grassland types,the temperate desert in the western basin has the widest improvement area,and the degradation of mountain meadows is the most severe.(3)The annual average precipitation and soil organic carbon content mainly have a positive impact on grassland coverage,while the annual average temperature,altitude variation,soil acidity and alkalinity,and soil sand content mainly have a negative impact.The interaction between various factors and grassland coverage shows significant spatial differences.Precipitation and altitude variation mainly affect the grassland coverage in the northern basin.Temperature and precipitation affect grassland coverage in the central of basin.Temperature,precipitation,and soil sand content affect grassland coverage in the southern of basin.
作者
张林
马松梅
张云玲
雷诚
葛本伟
ZHANG Lin;MA Songmei;ZHANG Yunling;LEI Cheng;GE Benwei(College of Sciences,Shihezi University/Key Laboratory of Landscape Ecology in Arid Region/Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Oasis Town and Mountain-basin System Ecology,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;General Grassland Station of Xinjiang,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830049,China;LIDAR Applied Engineering Technology Research Center,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830002,China)
出处
《石河子大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第6期737-746,共10页
Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science)
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区草原总站草原生态修复治理补助项目(XJCYZZ202007)
新疆维吾尔自治区林业和草原局自治区林业发展补助项目(XJLYKJ-2022-07)。
关键词
草地覆盖度
玛纳斯河流域
趋势分析
地理加权回归
grassland coverage
Manas River Basin
trend analysis
geographically weighted regression
