摘要
从招生规模看,高等职业教育已经占我国高等教育的半壁江山。新时代教育高质量发展要求高等职业教育主动适应产业发展,促进产业结构优化升级。采用熵值法测算我国各省份2014—2021年高等职业教育发展指数,通过Moran’s I检验高等职业教育、产业结构优化、产业结构升级的空间相关性,运用空间杜宾模型分析高等职业教育对产业结构优化和产业结构升级两个维度的空间作用机制、溢出效应和区域异质性。研究发现:高等职业教育、产业结构优化和产业结构升级在空间分布上都具有正向空间自相关关系,高等职业教育高-高集聚区主要分布在东部和中部地区,低-低集聚区主要分布在西部地区;高等职业教育对本地区产业结构优化具有显著正向影响,对邻近地区产业结构优化具有显著负向空间溢出效应,其中在东部地区呈现显著正向直接效应,西部地区呈现显著负向直接效应和间接效应;高等职业教育对本地区产业结构升级具有显著正向影响,对邻近地区的产业结构升级具有显著正向溢出效应,在东部、中部和西部地区均具有显著正向直接效应,在西部地区还具有显著正向间接效应。建议从宏观层面构建层次分明、有序衔接的职业教育发展格局,从中观层面加强职业教育区域协同发展,从微观层面落实产教融汇、丰富专业群建设内涵。
From the viewpoint of enrollment,higher vocational education has occupied half of China's higher education.The high-quality development of education in the new era requires higher vocational education to actively adapt to industrial development,and promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure.The entropy method was used to calculate the development index of higher vocational education in various provinces of China from 2014 to 2021,the spatial correlation of higher vocational education,industrial structure optimization,and industrial structure upgrading was tested by Moran's I,and the spatial action mechanism,spillover effect and regional heterogeneity of higher vocational education on the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure were analyzed through the spatial Durbin model.It is found that:the higher vocational education,industrial structure optimization and industrial structure upgrading all have positive spatial autocorrelation,with higher vocational education highest agglomeration zones mainly located in the eastern and central regions,and lowest agglomeration zones mainly located in the western region;higher vocational education has a significant positive impact on the optimization of industrial structure in the region and a significant negative spatial spillover effect on the optimization of industrial structure in the neighboring regions,of which the eastern region has a significant positive direct effect and the western region has a significant negative direct and indirect effect;higher vocational education has a significant positive impact on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the region and a significant positive spillover effect on the upgrading of the industrial structure of the neighboring regions,in which the eastern,central and western regions have a significant positive direct effect and the western region has a significant positive indirect effect.It is recommended to build a hierarchical and orderly vocational education development pattern at the macro level,to strengthen the regional synergistic development of vocational education at the meso level,and to implement the integration of science and education and enhance the connotation of the construction of professional clusters at the micro level.
作者
何景师
徐兰
叶善椿
戴航
HE Jingshi;XU Lan;YE Shanchun;DAI Hang(Business College,Dongguan Polytechnic,Dongguan 523808,China;Faculty of Finance,City University of Macao,Macao 999078,China;School of Economics&Management South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)
出处
《重庆高教研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第1期74-85,共12页
Chongqing Higher Education Research
基金
广东省哲学社会科学“十四五”规划项目“我国高等职业教育对区域产业结构升级和经济增长的空间溢出效应”(GD22CJY04)
广东省教育科学规划课题“广东高职教育集聚对经济增长的影响及空间溢出效应研究”(2022GXJK109)
广东省哲学社会科学“十三五”规划项目“突发公共事件下广东省应急物资供应链体系构建研究”(GD20XYJ42)。
关键词
职业教育
产业结构优化
产业结构升级
空间杜宾模型
空间效应
vocational education
industrial structure optimization
industrial structure upgrading
Spa-tial Durbin Model
spatial effect
