摘要
在极地海洋环境中,材料会受到碎冰、冰层的磨损冲击及海水的腐蚀作用,低温潮湿环境会恶化材料力学性能,强紫外线会加速材料层合板树脂基体老化,这些都将导致材料性能降低进而发生失效。本文介绍开发极地航道所面临的问题,分别阐述极地温度、极地海洋大气及海水成分、海冰运动等环境条件对纤维增强复合材料的影响;结合极地海洋环境服役的复合材料发展趋势,对未来该服役材料的失效研究工作进行展望。分析认为:目前的研究报道主要集中在极寒温度、紫外线照射、极地海水、海冰运动4方面环境条件下的复合材料老化机制,但系统性不足,缺乏针对极地海洋环境特点的多因素耦合模拟加速老化试验的设计,且极寒环境下对复合材料损伤的定量分析不足。进一步探寻极地海洋环境下复合材料的失效机制,对避免极地航行的安全隐患和经济损失有着重要意义。
In polar marine environment,composite materials are subjected to wear and impact from broken ice and ice layers,and they are corroded by seawater.In addition,low temperature and wet environment deteriorates the mechanical properties of the materials,and strong ultraviolet rays accelerate the aging of composite laminates.These factors will reduce the properties of the materials and eventually lead to material failure.In this paper,the problems in developing polar routes were introduced.Environmental conditions such as polar temperature,polar ocean atmosphere and seawater composition,sea ice movement and their effects on fiber reinforced composites were described.Combined with the development trend of composite materials for polar marine environment,the failure research of the future materials for polar marine service was prospected.The results show that the failure mechanism of composite materials in polar marine environment is studied under the environmental conditions of extremely cold temperature,ultraviolet irradiation,polar seawater and sea ice movement.However,the systematic research is insufficient,there is a lack of the design of multi-factor coupled simulation accelerated aging tests for the characteristics of polar marine environment,and the quantitative analysis of damage of composite materials in extremely cold environment is insufficient.Further exploration of the failure mechanism of composite materials in polar marine environment is of great significance to avoiding safety risks and economic losses in polar navigation.
作者
薛敏
夏晨曦
权红英
XUE min;XIA Chen-xi;QUAN Hong-ying(Equipment Management Center of Naval Equipment Department,Beijing 100071,China;School of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanchang Hangkong University,Nanchang 330063,China)
出处
《失效分析与预防》
2023年第6期417-424,共8页
Failure Analysis and Prevention
基金
北京航空材料研究院益材基金(KJ53230780)。
关键词
极地海洋
复合材料
损伤
失效机制
polar marine environment
composite materials
damage
failure mechanism
