摘要
目的探讨吞咽言语诊疗仪在脑卒中患者吞咽功能障碍中的效果及对营养状态的影响。方法回顾性选取2020年4月~2022年12月首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者116例,根据干预方法不同分为对照组和观察组,各58例。对照组采用综合康复干预,观察组联合吞咽言语诊疗仪干预,治疗3个月后评价患者效果,比较两组吞咽功能、神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分、营养状态及并发症发生率。结果两组干预3个月后吞咽功能均得到改善,NIHSS评分降低,且观察组急性卒中吞咽障碍筛查(ASDS)、吞咽功能及NIHSS评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组缺血性脑卒中与出血性脑卒中干预后吞咽功能及NIHSS评分降低,且缺血性脑卒中患者吞咽功能及NIHSS评分低于出血性脑卒中,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组干预3个月后营养状态得到改善,且观察组血清白蛋白(ALB)、血清前白蛋白(PA)、血红蛋白(Hb)水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预3个月期间吸入性肺炎、误吸、呛咳、肺部感染及胃食管反流病发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论吞咽言语诊疗仪能促进脑卒中吞咽功能障碍患者吞咽功能恢复,改善患者营养状态,有助于降低并发症发生率及NIHSS评分,值得临床应用。
Objective To explore the effect of swallowing speech diagnostic and therapeutic equipment on swallowing dysfunction in stroke patients and its impact on nutritional status.Methods 116 stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction from April 2020 to December 2022 were selected as the study subjects,and divided into two groups with 58 cases in each group.The control group was treated with comprehensive rehabilitation intervention,while the observation group was treated with swallowing speech therapy equipment.After 3 months of treatment,the patient′s effectiveness was evaluated,and swallowing function,neurological deficit(NIHSS)scores,nutritional status,and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups.Results After 3 months of intervention,swallowing function improved and NIHSS score decreased in both groups,The ASDS,swallowing function,and NIHSS in the observation group were lower than those in the control group with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After intervention with ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke,the swallowing function and NIHSS score were reduced in both groups,and the swallowing function and NIHSS score in ischemic stroke patients were lower than those in hemorrhagic stroke(P<0.05).After 3 months of intervention,the nutritional status of the observation group improved,The levels of ALB,PA,and Hb in the observation group were higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of aspiration pneumonia,aspiration,coughing,pulmonary infection,and gastroesophageal reflux disease in the observation group during the 3-month intervention period was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The swallowing speech therapy instrument can promote the recovery of swallowing function in stroke patients with swallowing dysfunction,improve their nutritional status,help reduce the incidence of complications and NIHSS score,and is worth promoting and applying.
作者
张阳
陈立君
靳宝莲
白玉
Zhang Yang;Chen Lijun;Jin Baolian(Department of Neurology,Health Care Center,Beijing Friendship Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100050,China)
出处
《中华保健医学杂志》
2023年第5期515-518,共4页
Chinese Journal of Health Care and Medicine
基金
河北省医学科学研究重点课题计划项目(20201300)。
关键词
吞咽言语诊疗仪
脑卒中
吞咽功能障碍
神经功能缺损
Swallowing speech therapy device
Stroke
Swallowing dysfunction
Neurological impairment
