摘要
花生是我国重要的油料作物,含油量是花生重要的品质性状和育种目标。花生含油量每提高1个百分点,相当于增产2个百分点,油脂加工利润可提高7个百分点。培育高油高产花生品种是增加食用油供给和保障食用油供给安全的重要途径。本文概述了花生含油量表型鉴定的4种常用方法;阐述了花生含油量的遗传特性是多基因控制的数量性状,即受加性效应和显性效应的影响,也存在基因型和环境互作;总结了已报道的含油量QTL124个,表型变异解释率超过10%的主效位点有36个,分布在A03、A05和A08上的8个主效QTL可重复检测到;构建了一张花生含油量的一致性遗传图谱,A08染色体上33.59~50.24 Mb为热点区间;介绍了油脂合成及调控相关基因等方面的研究进展,以期为花生含油量遗传改良和高油品种培育提供理论指导。
Peanut is an important oilseed crop in China,and oil content is an important quality trait and breeding target of peanut.One percentage point increase in peanut oil content is equivalent to an increase of two percentage points in yield,and oil process-ing profit can be increased by seven percentage points.This study outlined four predominant methods for phenotyping peanut oil content.The genetic characteristics of oil content in peanut were quantitative traits under polygenic control,that were affected by additive and dominant effects,and influenced by G´E interaction.There were 124 QTL reported for oil content,with 36 major effect loci by(phenotypic variation explained)more than 10%.Eight major effect QTL on A03,A05,and A08 can be consistently identified.A consistent genetic map of oil content in peanut was constructed,with a hotspot region on the 33.59–50.24 Mb of A08.In addition,the research progress of lipid synthesis and the regulatory mechanisms of associated genes was detailed.This review aspires to provide theoretical guidance for the genetic improvement of oil content and the breeding of high oil varieties of peanut.
作者
张月
王志慧
淮东欣
刘念
姜慧芳
廖伯寿
雷永
ZHANG Yue;WANG Zhi-Hui;HUAI Dong-Xin;LIU Nian;JIANG Hui-Fang;LIAO Bo-Shou;LEI Yong(Oil Crops Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops,Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs,Wuhan 430062,Hubei,China)
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期529-542,共14页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
基金
国家自然科学青年基金项目(32201770)
湖北省重点研发计划项目(2021BBA077)
湖北省自然科学基金项目(2022CFB332)资助。
关键词
花生
含油量
遗传特性
QTL定位
基因
peanut
oil content
genetic characteristics
QTL mapping
genes
