摘要
在全球气候变暖和人类活动的共同影响下,硅藻水华爆发趋势加剧,并对水生态及供水安全产生负面影响.因此明确其形成原因并探索高效的防控技术至关重要.目前关于淡水硅藻水华已有较多研究成果,但缺少系统性整理.淡水硅藻水华爆发的关键因素为温度、光照、营养盐和流速.在原位防控方面,生态调度和扬水曝气等物理技术较为成熟,低剂量的化学药剂处理效果不佳,而生物方法的实施会受到环境条件的限制.联合使用混凝剂和助凝剂或氧化剂可以有效去除硅藻,但硅藻水华范围的扩大致使部分水厂未能及时调整工艺,影响制水效率.本文对硅藻水华的成因及防治方法进行了分析和总结,与蓝藻水华进行比较,并展望后续研究热点,对确保饮用水安全和水体污染控制与治理有着重要意义.
Due to human activities and global warming,diatom blooms occur frequently,causing negative impacts on aquatic ecology and water supply.Series of studies on freshwater diatom blooms have been published,but there is a lack of summary of their causes and control methods.The key factors for freshwater diatom blooms include temperature,light,nutrients and flow rate.In terms of in-situ prevention,water scheduling and water aeration are well established and have higher control efficiency for diatom blooms.However,chemical technology treatments and biological strategies are not satisfied due to environmental limitation.For water plant control,it is efficient to remove diatoms through a combination of coagulants and coagulant aids or oxidants.The expansion of the diatom blooms will make it difficult to adjust the treatment process in time and affect the water production efficiency.It is of very important to understand the causes and control methods of freshwater diatom blooms to further ensure the safety of drinking water.
作者
文刚
白愿楠
王茹
曹瑞华
黄廷林
WEN Gang;BAI Yuannan;WANG Ru;CAO Ruihua;HUANG Tinglin(Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource,Environment and Ecology,Ministry of Education,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China)
出处
《环境科学研究》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期316-325,共10页
Research of Environmental Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(No.51978557)
陕西省重点研发计划项目(No.2020ZDLSF06-05)
陕西重点科技创新团队(No.2023-CX-TD-32)。
关键词
硅藻水华
湖泊水库
水华成因
防控技术
蓝藻
diatom blooms
lake and reservoir
bloom causes
control technology
cyanobacteria
