摘要
近年来,随着外科手术技术不断完善、成熟和人类疾病谱的变迁,我国外科手术的需求量不断增长,外科手术的安全性引起了临床医师的广泛关注。尽管目前外科技术已日趋完善,但作为一种创伤性治疗手段,其术后并发症并不少见。谵妄是外科术后最常见的神经系统并发症,以意识、注意障碍、认知功能改变等为主要表现,多为急性发作,病情易反复波动。而谵妄的发生不仅会增加外科重症监护室(ICU)患者并发症的发生风险,延长机械通气和ICU住院时间,增加患者个人和社会的经济负担,还可能对患者的远期脑功能产生负面影响。早期诊断和治疗是改善患者预后的关键。现就外科ICU患者谵妄的发生机制、临床分型、评估工具和治疗现状进行综述,以期为外科ICU患者谵妄的诊断和干预提供参考。
In recent years,with the continuous improvement and maturity of surgical techniques and the change of human disease spectrum,the demand for surgery in China has been increasing,and surgical safety has attracted extensive attention from clinicians.Although current surgical techniques are improved day by day,complications are not uncommon after surgery,a traumatic treatment.As the most common neurological complication after surgery,delirium is mainly characterized by disturbance of consciousness,attention disorders,changes in cognitive function,acute attack and prone to repeated fluctuations.It not only increases the risk of complications in patients in surgical intensive care unit(ICU),prolongs mechanical ventilation and ICU stay,increases personal and social economic burden,but also may bring negative impact on the patients’long-term brain function.Early diagnosis and treatment is the key to improve the prognosis.Herein,the mechanism,clinical classification,evaluation tools and treatment of delirium in surgical ICU patients were reviewed to provide reference for the diagnosis and intervention of delirium in surgical ICU patients.
作者
何君梅
李思宇
唐志红
HE Junmei;LI Siyu;TANG Zhihong(Department of Critical Care Medicine,West China Hospital,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610041,China)
出处
《陕西医学杂志》
CAS
2024年第2期277-281,共5页
Shaanxi Medical Journal
基金
四川省卫生和计划生育委员会科研课题(18PJ237)。
关键词
外科
重症监护室
谵妄
发病机制
评估
治疗
Surgery
Intensive care unit
Delirium
Pathogenesis
Evaluation
Treatment
