摘要
【目的】旨在研究酵母肽和枯草肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率和肠道健康的影响,为抗菌肽在仔猪养殖中的合理利用提供参考依据。【方法】生长试验选取21日龄“杜×长×大”三元杂健康断奶仔猪200头,随机分为5组,每组5个重复,每个重复8头。分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+300 mg/kg酵母肽、基础日粮+500 mg/kg酵母肽、基础日粮+300 mg/kg枯草肽和基础日粮+300 mg/kg酵母肽+300 mg/kg枯草肽,预饲期7 d,正式试验28 d。诱导腹泻试验选取28日龄“杜×长×大”三元杂健康断奶仔猪30头,随机分成3组,每组10头。分别饲喂基础日粮、基础日粮+300 mg/kg酵母肽和基础日粮+500 mg/kg酵母肽,预饲期7 d,正式试验8 d,前3 d用未经氯化消毒井水拌料饲喂诱导腹泻,后5 d用氯化消毒井水拌料饲喂。【结果】(1)生长试验中日粮添加不同剂量酵母肽和枯草肽对断奶仔猪的生长性能无显著影响(P>0.05),但诱导腹泻试验中,酵母肽成剂量依赖性降低仔猪腹泻率;(2)添加500 mg/kg酵母肽显著提高仔猪血液中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)的活力;(3)添加枯草肽300 mg/kg显著提高空肠绒毛高度和绒/隐比(P<0.05)和空肠紧密连接蛋白Claudin-1的mRNA表达量(P<0.05)。(4)添加300 mg/kg酵母肽+300 mg/kg枯草肽能显著降低血液中白介素-1β(IL-1β)的含量(P<0.05),提高空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度(P<0.05),同时显著升高Coverage指数(P<0.05),Simpson指数有升高的趋势(0.05<P<0.1)。【结论】饲料中添加500 mg/kg的酵母肽能够有效预防仔猪腹泻的发生,提高免疫球蛋白水平,抗氧化能力。单独添加300 mg/kg枯草肽或混合添加300 mg/kg酵母肽和300 mg/kg枯草肽可以增加肠道吸收和屏障功能,降低肠道炎症,改善肠道微生物的多样性。
[Objective]This study aims to study the effects of yeast peptide and subtilisin on growth performance,diarrhea rate,and intestinal health of weaned piglets through piglet growth test and diarrhea induction test.[Method]200 healthy weaned piglets of 21-day-old“duroc×landrace×Yorkshire”ternary hybrid were randomly divided into 5 groups,with 5 replicates in each group and 8 replicates each.The basal diet control group,basal diet+300 mg/kg yeast peptide group,basal diet+500 mg/kg yeast peptide group,basal diet+300 mg/kg subtilis peptide group and basal diet+300 mg/kg yeast peptide+300 mg/kg subtilis peptide group were designed respectively.The prefeed period was 7 days,and the formal trial was 28 days.In the induced diarrhea test,30 healthy weaned piglets of 21-day-old“duroc×landrace×Yorkshire”ternary hybrid were randomly divided into 3 groups,with10 piglets in each group.Each group was fed with basal diet control group,basal diet+300 mg/kg yeast peptide group,basal diet+500 mg/kg yeast peptide group,respectively.Prefeed period was 7 d,formal test lasted 8 d.The unsterilized well water were mixed with the diet to induced diarrhea in the first 3 d,and disinfected well water were mixed with the diet in the last 5d.[Result](1)The addition of different doses of yeast peptide and subtilis peptide to the diet in the growth test had no significant effect on the growth performance of weaned piglets(P>0.05).In the induced diarrhea test,yeast peptide dose-dependent reduced the diarrhea rate of piglets;(2)The addition of 500 mg/kg yeast peptide significantly increased the activity of GSH-PX(glutathione peroxidase)in piglet blood;(3)The addition of subtilisin 300 mg/kg significantly increased the height and villi/recess ratio(P<0.05)and the expression of jejunal nexus protein Claudin-1(P<0.05)(.4)The addition of yeast peptide 300 mg/kg+subtilisin 300 mg/kg complex peptide could significantly reduce the content of IL-1β(interleukin-1β)in the blood(P<0.05),increased the villi height and crypt depth(P<0.05)of the jejunum,and significantly increased the coverage index(P<0.05),and the Simpson index had a tendency to increase(0.05<P<0.1).[Conclusion]The addition of 500 mg/kg yeast peptide to the feed can effectively prevent the occurrence of diarrhea in piglets,improve the level of immunoglobulin and antioxidant capacity.The addition of 300 mg/kg subtilis peptide alone or a combination of 300 mg/kg yeast peptide and 300 mg/kg subtilis peptide could increase intestinal absorption and barrier function,reduce intestinal inflammation,and improve the diversity of intestinal microorganisms.
作者
潘铃慧
杨创锋
梁翠玲
张思铖
林锶妮
王宏
江青艳
朱灿俊
PAN Linghui;YANG Chuangfeng;LIANG Cuiling;ZHANG Sicheng;LIN Sini;WANG Hong;JIANG Qingyan;ZHU Canjun(College of Animal Science,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510000,China;Beijing Yinghuier Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.Beijing 100000,China)
出处
《江西农业大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期196-209,共14页
Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(32102626,U21A20245-3)
广东省杰出青年基金项目(2023B1515020095)
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1300401)。
关键词
酵母肽
枯草肽
断奶仔猪
腹泻
肠道健康
yeast peptides
subtilisin
weaned piglets
diarrhoea
gut health
