摘要
区域水平衡量化及诊断是水网工程建设优化和水资源均衡调控的基础,对提升水安全保障能力、支撑经济社会稳定发展、实现人水和谐具有重要意义。本文从空间、时间、结构、过程、总量五个维度解构了区域人水系统的四大平衡,即反映水收入项和支出项定量关系的水收支平衡、体现经济社会供水量与需水量匹配关系的经济社会供需水平衡、结合经济社会-生态系统发展与用水定量关系的经济社会与生态用水平衡、表征人水系统发展状态的人水关系和谐平衡,并提出相应的水平衡度量方法。多角度解析了区域水平衡的失衡状态,提出四大平衡的失衡程度度量方法及区域水平衡的失衡程度综合度量方法。以沁河流域为实例应用和检验了上述方法,结果表明:提出的度量方法具有科学性和适用性,能够应用于区域水平衡研究实践;2019年沁河流域水平衡的失衡度为0.327,处于蓄水量减少、水资源短缺、生态端亏水、水系统受损的中度失衡状态,后续应注重人类涉水行为的管控。研究成果可为区域水平衡评估与调控提供理论支撑,服务国家或区域水平衡策略制定和水网工程规划。
Quantification and diagnosis of regional water balance is a prerequisite for the construction and optimization of water networks and the balanced regulation of water resources,which are important to improve water security,support stable socio-economic development,and achieve human-water harmony.Four balances of regional human-water system are deconstructed from five dimensions of space,time,structure,process,and total amount,namely,a) the water budget balance reflecting the quantitative relationship between the income and output of water;b) the water supply-demand balance of economic society reflecting the matching relationship between socio-economic water supply and water demand;c) the water use balance between economic society and ecology combining the quantitative relationship between socio-economic system development and water use;and d) the harmonious balance of human-water relationship characterizing the state of development of human-water system.Based on the above analysis,the water balance measurement methods are also proposed accordingly.Then,the imbalance state of regional water balance is interpreted from multiple perspectives.The methods of measuring the imbalance degree of four balances and the integrated method of measuring the imbalance degree of regional water balance is proposed.Thereafter,the Qinhe River Basin is taken as an example to apply and test the above methods.The results show that the proposed measurement methods are scientific and applicable,and can be applied to the research practice of regional water balance.In 2019,the imbalance degree of water balance in Qinhe River Basin was 0.327,which was in a moderate imbalance state of water storage reduction,water resource shortage,ecological water deficit,and water system damage.In the future,attention should be paid to the management and regulation of human water wading behavior.The results can provide theoretical and methodological support for regional water balance assessment and regulation,and serve for the formulation of national or regional water balance strategies and the implementation of water network project planning.
作者
左其亭
吴青松
纪义虎
邱曦
陶洁
ZUO Qiting;WU Qingsong;JI Yihu;QIU Xi;TAO Jie(School of Water Conservancy and Transportation,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;Henan International Joint Laboratory of Water Cycle Simulation and Environmental Protect,Zhengzhou 450001,China)
出处
《水利学报》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期1-12,共12页
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3200201)
国家自然科学基金项目(52279027)。
关键词
区域水平衡
失衡程度
度量方法
人水关系
人水系统
regional water balance
imbalance degree
measurement method
human-water relationship
human-water system
