摘要
本研究基于微生物和代谢组学方法,探讨饲粮添加葡萄籽原花青素(GSPs)对鹅肠道菌群和代谢物的影响。选择体重相近的35日龄四川白鹅144只,随机分为4组,每组6个重复,每个重复6只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,3个试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加50、100和150 mg/kg GSPs。预试期7 d,正试期21 d。在63日龄时,每个重复随机选取1只鹅屠宰:取盲肠,测定组织形态指标;取盲肠内容物,测定肠道菌群和代谢物。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加50 mg/kg GSPs显著提高鹅盲肠绒毛高度(P<0.05)。2)与对照组相比,饲粮添加GSPs显著提高鹅盲肠菌群Chao1指数、可观测物种(observed_species)数和PD_whole_tree值(P<0.05),饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg GSPs显著提高盲肠菌群Shannon指数(P<0.05)。在门水平上,与对照组相比,各GSPs添加组盲肠厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)相对丰度提高,盲肠拟杆菌门(Bacteroidota)相对丰度降低;100和150 mg/kg GSPs添加组盲肠变形菌门(Proteobacteria)相对丰度降低。在科水平上,与对照组相比,饲粮添加GSPs提高了盲肠瘤胃球菌科(Ruminococcaceae)、梭菌UCG-014(Clostridia_UCG-014)、毛螺菌科(Lachnospiraceae)和产粪甾醇真细菌群([Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group)的相对丰度,降低了盲肠颤螺菌科(Oscillospiraceae)、理研菌科(Rikenellaceae)和拟杆菌科(Bacteroidaceae)的相对丰度。在属水平上,与对照组相比,饲粮添加GSPs提高了盲肠梭菌UCG-014相对丰度,降低了拟杆菌属(Bacteroides)相对丰度;饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg GSPs提高了盲肠产粪甾醇真细菌群和粪杆菌属(Faecalibacterium)的相对丰度。3)50、100和150 mg/kg GSPs添加组与对照组之间的盲肠差异代谢物数量分别为23、18和36种[变量投影重要性(VIP)>1,P<0.05]。与对照组相比,50、100和150 mg/kg GSPs添加组共有差异代谢物亚精胺表达丰度显著下调(P<0.05)。京都基因与基因组百科全书(KEGG)代谢通路富集分析结果表明,GSPs主要通过β-丙氨酸代谢、精氨酸和脯氨酸代谢以及丙酸盐代谢等途径发挥作用。4)与对照组相比,饲粮添加GSPs显著提高鹅盲肠乙酸和丙酸含量(P<0.05),饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg GSPs显著提高盲肠丁酸含量(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加GSPs可提高鹅盲肠菌群多样性和丰富度,促进有益菌增殖,通过调节肠道菌群和代谢物改善鹅肠道健康。
Based on microbiology and metabolomics methods,this study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary grape seed procyanidins(GSPs)on intestinal microbiota and metabolites of geese.A total of 144 Sichuan white geese of 35-day-old with similar body weight were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 geese per replicate.Each group was supplied with one of four diets which were a basal diet(control group)or the basal diet supplemented with 50,100 and 150 mg/kg GSPs(experimental groups),respectively.The pre-test was conducted for 7 days prior to the 21-day experimental period.At 63 days of age,one goose from each replicate was randomly selected and slaughtered.The cecum was collected for determination of histomorphological parameters and the cecal contents were collected for determination of intestinal microbiota and metabolites.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,dietary 50 mg/kg GSPs significantly increased the villus height of cecum of geese(P<0.05).2)Compared with the control group,dietary 50 mg/kg GSPs significantly increased the Chao1 index,Observed_species number and PD_whole_tree value of cecal microbiota(P<0.05),and dietary 50 and 100 mg/kg GSPs significantly increased the Shannon index of cecal microbiota(P<0.05).At the phylum level,the Firmicutes relative abundance in cecum in all GSPs supplemental groups was increased,and the Bacteroidota relative abundance in cecum was decreased;meanwhile,the Proteobacteria relative abundance in cecum in 100 and 150 mg/kg GSPs supplemental groups was decreased.At the family level,compared with the control group,dietary GSPs increased the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae,Clostridia_UCG-014,Lachnospiraceae,and[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group in cecum,and decreased the relative abundances of Oscillospiraceae,Rikenellaceae and Barnesiellaceae in cecum.At the genus level,compared with the control group,dietary GSPs increased the Clostridia_UCG-014 relative abundance in cecum,and decreased the Bacteroides relative abundance in cecum;dietary 50 and 100 mg/kg GSPs increased the relative abundances of[Eubacterium]_coprostanoligenes_group and Faecalibacterium in cecum.3)There were 23,18 and 36 differential metabolites in cecum between the control group and 50,100 and 150 mg/kg GSPs supplemental groups[variable importance projection(VIP)>1,P<0.05],respectively.Compared with the control group,the spermidine expressive abundance,a common differential metabolite in 50,100 and 150 mg/kg GSPs supplemental groups,was significantly down-regulated(P<0.05).Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG)pathway enrichment analysis showed that the GSPs exerted their effects mainly through beta-alanine metabolism,arginine and proline metabolism,and propionate metabolism pathways.4)Compared with the control group,dietary GSPs significantly increased the contents of acetic acid and propionic acid in cecum(P<0.05),and dietary 50 and 100 mg/kg GSPs significantly increased the butyric acid content in cecum(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary GSPs can increase the diversity and richness of cecal microbiota of geese,promote the proliferation of certain beneficial bacteria,and improve the intestine health of geese by regulating intestinal microbiota and metabolites.
作者
任继武
邓超
乔君毅
陈哲秀
郝瑞荣
REN Jiwu;DENG Chao;QIAO Junyi;CHEN Zhexiu;HAO Ruirong(Cash Crop Research Institute,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan 030031,China;College of Animal Science,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,China)
出处
《动物营养学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期968-980,共13页
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION
基金
山西省重点研发项目(201903D221011)。
关键词
葡萄籽原花青素
鹅
盲肠
微生物
代谢物
grape seed procyanidins
geese
cecum
microbes
metabolites
