摘要
基因治疗这种堪称革命性的治疗方法,开拓了治疗癌症的新思路,其最关键性问题是实现核酸药物靶向肿瘤组织并精准治疗。核酸药物直接递送存在核酸酶降解代谢、细胞膜上的负电荷排斥现象以及稳定性差等问题,所以核酸药物需要载体协助,成功的载体递送除能使核酸药物在肿瘤区域大量富集外,还要起到药物控释作用,而天然多糖除无毒、生物相容度高、易修饰的特点外,它本身就具有免疫调节、抗肿瘤、抗炎等多种生物活性。本篇总结了最具代表性的五种多糖的结构特征及在核酸药物递送方面的应用,继而归纳了多糖的常用的纳米级载体形式,为构建天然多糖递送核酸的新型载体并将其应用到免疫抗肿瘤治疗研究中奠定基础。
Gene therapy,a revolutionary treatment method,has opened up a new way of thinking in the treatment of cancer.The most critical problem of gene therapy is the realization of nucleic acid drugs targeting tumor tissues and precise treatment.Direct delivery of nucleic acid drugs has the problems of nuclease degradation and metabolism,negative charge rejection on cell membrane and poor stability,so nucleic acid drugs need the assistance of the carrier.Successful carrier delivery can not only enrich nucleic acid drugs in tumor areas,but also play the role of drug controlled release.Natural polysaccharide is nontoxic,biocompatibe,elasy to modify,and has immunomodulatory,anti-tumor,anti-inflammatory and other biological activities.This review summarizes the structural characteristics of the five most representative polysaccharides and their applications in nucleic acid drug delivery,and then describes the common nanoscale carrier forms of polysaccharides,which lays a foundation for the construction of a new nucleic acid delivery system based on natural polysaccharides and its application in immunoantitumor therapy.
作者
张曼
牧丹
张屏
苏日娜
ZHANG Man;MU Dan;ZHANG Ping;SU Ri-na(Inner Mongolia Medical University,Hohhot 010010,China)
出处
《高分子通报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期297-308,共12页
Polymer Bulletin
基金
国家自然科学基金(基金号22167019)
自治区留学回国人员创新创业项目。
关键词
基因治疗
核酸药物
天然多糖
药物载体
Gene therapy
Nucleic acid drugs
Natural polysaccharides
Durg delivery system
