摘要
为了提高液态金属基应变传感器的灵敏度,研究了一种高灵敏度、可拉伸的应变传感器,该传感器由取向的静电纺热塑性聚氨酯纤维基底和图案化双相金属传感层构成。以液态金属Galinstan为“岛”,固体金属银为“海”,构建了图案化双相金属传感层。银“海”可阻止连续的液态金属导电路径的形成,基于银导电区域的裂纹扩展机制,传感器的灵敏度显著提高。此外,纤维取向(水平或垂直)削弱了在受力时纤维的重新排列,增强了传感层的变形。结果表明,对于单一液态金属层或Ag层组成的传感器,基底纤维垂直取向与随机排列比较,灵敏度分别提高1.09倍和33.19倍。最终制成的基于垂直取向纤维基底和图案化双相金属层的应变传感器具有超高的灵敏度(灵敏度系数高达952.20)和宽传感范围(高达59.33%)。这种设计有望在可穿戴设备中显示良好的应用潜力。
Great progress has been made in the development of liquid-metal-based wearable devices.However,the sensitivities of the liquid-metal-based strain sensors are still limited in an inadequate range.Herein,a highly sensitive and stretchable strain sensor constructed with an aligned electrospun thermoplastic polyurethane(TPU)fibrous base and a patterned biphasic metal sensing layer was developed.The patterned biphasic metal sensing layer was composed of liquid metal(LM)Galinstan as“islands”and solid metal silver(Ag)as“sea”.Ag“sea”prevented the formation of a continuous LM conductive pathway.The sensitivity was enhanced significantly based on the crack propagation mechanism of the Ag conductive region.Additionally,the alignment of fibers(horizontally or vertically aligned)weakened fiber rearrangement,and enlarged the deformation of the sensing layer.Results showed that,the sensitivity of the sensors composed of a single LM layer or a pure Ag layer with a vertically aligned fibrous base increased by 1.09 and 33.19 times compared to that with the randomly oriented fibrous base,respectively.The final patterned biphasic metal strain sensor with a vertically aligned fibrous base could achieve an ultrahigh sensitivity(gauge factor up to 952.20)and a wide sensing range(up to 59.33%).This design shows a great potential for a wide variety of wearable devices.
作者
刘璐
惠鹏先
刘飞
黄莉茜
蒋秋冉
LIU Lu;HUI Pengxian;LIU Fei;HUANG Liqian;JIANG Qiuran(Key Laboratory of Textile Science&Technology,Ministry of Education,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China;College of Textiles,Donghua University,Shanghai 201620,China)
基金
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(No.2232022D-13)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities and Graduate Student Innovation Fund of Donghua University,China(No.CUSF-DH-D-2022034)。
关键词
高灵敏度
应变传感器
纤维取向
双相金属
图案化传感层
high sensitivity
strain sensor
fiber alignment
biphasic metal
patterned sensing layer
