摘要
为了有效管控地下水超采区,从区域控制和漏斗区控制两个角度考虑,提出一种选取地下水控制井以及确定控制水位和考核水位指标的方法。对于整个超采区,采用泰森多边形法划定每口控制井的控制面积,将每口控制井的控制面积占区域面积的比例作为权重,计算出区域面积加权平均水位,进而根据与该平均水位的接近程度,选出一口区域水位控制井,并将其最近平水年年末的水位作为今后的控制和考核水位。但是,当评价年为枯水年时,需要在控制水位的基础上减去松弛量确定考核水位。对于地下水漏斗区,利用水位等值线图,判断漏斗分布情况,进而从漏斗中心附近选取一口控制井,同样也将其最近平水年年末的水位作为控制和考核水位。以河北省馆陶县为例,选取的区域和漏斗控制井分别为监测井W16和W17;当政府未制定水位恢复规划时,区域控制水位确定为17.13 m;当政府制定了水位恢复规划时,比如5 a内水位恢复0.5 m,那么区域控制水位需要在17.13 m的基础上每年增加0.1 m;丰水年、平水年考核水位等于控制水位,枯水年考核水位等于控制水位减去0.93 m(松弛量);漏斗区控制和考核水位均确定为12.19 m。
In order to effectively manage the groundwater,this paper provided a method of choosing the monitoring wells and determining controlled and assessed water level in over⁃exploitation areas from the perspective of regional and depression cone areas control.For the whole over⁃exploitation areas,Thiessen polygon method was used to assign control areas to each observation well,and the ratio of the control area of each well to the total area of the region was used as a weight to calculate the weighted average water level of the areas.Then,according to the proximity to the average water level,one regional water level of the controlled well was selected,regarding the water level of the controlled well at the end of the most recent normal year as the controlled and assessed water level.However,if the assessed year was a dry year,as⁃sessed water level should set slackness.For groundwater depression cone areas,it used the water level contour map to judge the distribution of the depression cone,and then chose a controlled well which was located near the center of the cone.Then,it similarly regarded the water level of the controlled well at the end of the most recent normal year as controlled and assessed water level.Applying this method to Guantao County,Hebei Province,the monitoring wells of W16 and W17 were selected as regional and depression cone areas of the controlled wells re⁃spectively.When the government had not formulated a plan for the water level recovery,the regional controlled water level was determined as 17.13 m.When the government had formulated a plan for the water level recovery(for example,the water level was recovered by 0.5 m with⁃in 5 years),the regional controlled water level was needed to increase by 0.1 m every year on the basis of 17.13 m.The assessed water level was equal to the controlled water level in wet and normal years,but the assessed water level in dry years was equal to the controlled water lev⁃el minus 0.93 m(slackness).The controlled and assessed water levels in the depression cone areas were all determined to be 12.19 m.
作者
帅官印
崔伟哲
邵景力
崔亚莉
张秋兰
张喆
徐树媛
SHUAI Guanyin;CUI Weizhe;SHAO Jingli;CUI Yali;ZHANG Qiulan;ZHANG Zhe;XU Shuyuan(School of Water Resources and Environment,China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing 100083,China;Tianjin Wuqing District Organization Department,Tianjin 301700,China;Department of Geology and Surveying and Mapping,Shanxi Institute of Energy,Jinzhong 030600,China)
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第3期64-69,共6页
Yellow River
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0406106)
北京市水利规划设计研究院委托项目。
关键词
超采区
地下水漏斗区
控制水位
考核水位
馆陶县
over⁃exploitation areas
groundwater depression cone areas
controlled water level
assessed water level
Guantao County
