摘要
了解城市化进程对河流生态系统结构组成的影响是城市水生态环境保护的基础。为探究城市河流大型底栖动物群落结构的时空变化特征,于2021年12月-2022年1月和2022年5-6月对东莞市内东江、东引运河、石马河3条城市河流开展大型底栖动物监测。结果显示,东莞城市河流大型底栖动物种类组成上节肢动物占优势地位,其次是软体动物。科级分类水平上,枯水期常见科级分类单元包括齿吻沙蚕科、田螺科、摇蚊科、长臂虾科等,丰水期常见科级分类单元为田螺科、颤蚓科等。霍甫水丝蚓Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri、宽身舌蛭Glossiphonialata、梨形环棱螺Bellamya purificata、中华沼螺Parafossarulus sinensis、钩虾属一种Gammarus sp.和湖沼股蛤Limnoper lacustris是造成群落结构时空差异的关键物种。物种丰富度和现存量枯水期高于丰水期,石马河高于东江和东引运河。基于统计学的估计值表明,整体上大型底栖动物物种数46-52种,枯水期约38-42种,丰水期约28-31种,石马河物种数最高(约35-38种)而东江最低(约23-27种)。β多样性丰水期高于枯水期,东引运河最高而石马河最低。CCA分析发现水温、高锰酸盐指数、总溶解性固体和底质重金属(铜、汞、锌、砷)是枯水期大型底栖无脊椎动物群落结构的主要影响因子;溶解氧和总溶解性固体是丰水期的主要影响因子。该研究结果表明减少水质污染、增加河道生境多样性是东莞城市河流未来生态修复的管理方向。
The researchofeffectsof urbanization process on the structure andcomposition of river ecosystem isthe basis of scientific planning for urban aquatic environment protection.To explore the spatial and temporal variation characteristics ofmacroinvertebrate community structure in urban rivers,the macroinvertebrateswere sampled in theDongjiang River,Dongyin Canal and Shima River in Dongguan City during dry season(from December 2021 to January 2022)and wetseason(from May to June 2022).The results showed that arthropods were the dominanttaxa and followed by mollusks in these rivers.According to the family-level classification,Nereisidae,Cipanidae,Chironomidae,Palaemonidae were the common unitsin dry season,whereasCipanidae and Tubificidae were the common units in wet season.Limnodrilushoffmeisteri,Glossiphonialata,Bellamyapurificatas,Parafossarula sinensis,Limnopernalacustri,Gammarus sp.andLimnoperlacustrismainly contributed to the spatial and temporal differences in the community structure.The density and biomass in dry season are higher than thosein wet season.The density and biomass in the Shima River are higher than thosein theDongjiang River and the Dongyin Canal.The species richnesswas 38–42 in dry season,28–31 in wet season,and 46–52 in both seasons,respectively,according to the fieldsurvey and statistical results.The highestspecies number(35–38)was found in the Shima River,while thelowest species number(23–27)was in theDongjiang River.CCA analysis showed thatmacroinvertebrate community structure was significantly influenced by water temperature,permanganate,dissolved oxygen,total dissolved solids and heavy metals(copper,mercury,zinc and arsenic)in sediment in dry season,whereas affected bydissolved oxygen and total dissolved solids in wet season.The results indicate that water pollution control and channel habitat diversity restoration are important measures for future management of Dongguan urban rivers.
作者
李晴
张梦悦
于明乔
李小璇
常明
陈立斌
丁森
LI Qing;ZHANG Mengyue;YU Mingqiao;LI Xiaoxuan;CHANG Ming;CHEN Libin;DING Sen(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,P.R.China;College of Resources and Environment,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430000,P.R.China)
出处
《生态环境学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期101-110,共10页
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划(2021YFC3201003)
黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展联合研究一期项目(2022-YRUC-01-0603-01)。
关键词
城市河流
大型底栖动物
群落结构
时空特征
环境影响要素
生物多样性
urban river
macroinveterbrates
community structure
characteristics of spatiotemporal variation
environmental factor
bio-diversity
