摘要
目的 对2013—2022年宁夏梅毒疫情数据进行统计描述和时空分布特征分析,为确定重点防控区域,制定有效防控策略提供依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对2013—2022年宁夏梅毒监测数据进行流行病学分析,使用Joinpoint回归分析年度变化趋势,应用莫兰指数进行空间自相关分析。结果 2013—2022年宁夏累计报告梅毒病例33 072例,年平均发病率为48.53/10万,报告发病率总体呈下降趋势,其中2018—2022年快速下降,发病率的年度变化(APC)为-14.76%,下降趋势有统计学意义。各类梅毒病例中,隐性梅毒报告数占79.54%。女性梅毒的发病率为53.01/10万,高于男性(44.22/10万),男女性别比有增大趋势。≥60岁年龄组报告发病例数最多,占35.18%。职业分布以农民、家务及待业、离退人员、商业服务人员为主。2013年宁夏梅毒报告发病率呈现空间正相关(Moran′s I>0,且P<0.05),高-高聚集地区主要集中在银川市,低-低聚集地区主要集中在固原市。结论 近十年来宁夏梅毒发病率总体呈下降趋势,部分地区发病率较高,应增强、巩固、完善梅毒病例报告,进一步扩大筛查范围,加强老年人、农民、商业服务等高危人群筛查、监测、健康教育及综合干预,对疫情重点地区实施精准防治。
Objective To analyze statistical description and spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of epidemic data of syphilis in Ningxia from 2013 to 2022,and to provide basis for determining key prevention and control areas and formulating effective prevention and control strategies.Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to carry out epidemiological analysis on surveillance data of syphilis in Ningxia from 2013 to 2022.Joinpoint regression was used to analyze the annual change trend,and Moran's I was used to carry out spatial autocorrelation analysis.Results From 2013 to 2022,a total of 33072 syphilis patients were reported in Ningxia,with an average annual incidence rate of 48.53/100000.The overall reported incidence rate showed a downward trend,and the reported incidence rate decreased rapidly from 2018 to 2022,with an APC of-14.76%,the downward trend was statistically significant.Latent syphilis accounted for 79.54%of all syphilis cases.The incidence of syphilis in women was 53.01/100000,higher than that in men(44.22/100000),and the ratio of male to female had an increasing trend.The number of reported cases in the≥60 years group was the highest,accounting for 35.18%.The occupational distribution was mainly farmers,houseworker and unemployees,retired personnel,and commercial service personnel.The incidence of syphilis in Ningxia in 2013 showed a positive spatial correlation(Moran's I>0,P<0.05).The high-high clustering areas were mainly concentrated in Yinchuan city,and the low-low clustering areas were mainly concentrated in Guyuan city.Conclusion In the past decade,the overall incidence of syphilis in Ningxia showed a downward trend,but the incidence was high in some areas.It is necessary to strengthen,consolidate and improve the case reporting of syphilis,further expand the scope of screening,strengthen the screening,monitoring,health education and comprehensive intervention of high-risk groups such as the elderly,farmers,commercial service workers,and implement precise prevention and control in key areas of epidemic.
作者
游贵俊
赵立华
YOU Guijun;ZHAO Lihua(School of Public Health,Ningxia Medical University,Yinchuan 750004,China;Department of STD/AIDS Prevention and Control,Ningxia Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Yinchuan 750000,China)
出处
《中国皮肤性病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第1期81-85,共5页
The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology
基金
宁夏自然科学基金项目(2018AAC03212,2020AAC03435)
宁夏卫生系统科研项目(2021-NW-053)。
关键词
梅毒
流行特征
趋势
空间自相关分析
Syphilis
Epidemiological characteristics
Trend
Spatial autocorrelation analysis
