摘要
人工鱼礁是建设现代化海洋牧场的基础设施,为了研究在不同海域流速下,迎流角度对人工鱼礁的影响,实验基于Ansys-Fluent平台,采用RNG k-ε的湍流模型,进行数值水槽模拟,对结构边长为3 m的立方对角面开孔鱼礁在3种来流速度(0.5、1.0和1.5 m/s)、4种迎流角度(0°、15°、30°和45°)下的上升流体积、背涡流体积、阻力、倾覆力矩等水动力特性进行比较分析。结果显示,人工鱼礁内部和周围存在具有显著特征的上升流区域和背涡流区域;流场规模的大小基本不受来流速度的影响;流速是影响立方对角面开孔人工稳定性的主要因素,流速越大,作用在礁体上的阻力和倾覆力矩相应变大,礁体的稳定性越差;迎流角度是影响人工鱼礁流场效应的主要因素,鱼礁的流场效应规模在迎流角度为30°~45°时达到最优,礁体为45°迎流时上升流体积和背涡流体积都达到最大值。利用权重赋值法,引入人工鱼礁建设效果综合评价模型,通过综合评价分析,在不考虑海底底质淤积、风浪等条件下,投放人工鱼礁时宜选取最大流速不超过1 m/s的海域,且迎流角在30°至45°范围内,鱼礁的建设效果最佳。
Due to the constraints of land resources and environment and the continuous progress of science and technology,human beings have entered an era of deep exploitation of marine resources and utilization of marine space.With the depletion of offshore fishery resources and the aggravation of marine pollution,the construction of marine ranching has become an important measure to improve marine ecological environment and repair fishery resources.Among them,artificial reefs are the infrastructure of modern marine ranching,and ensuring the normal utility of artificial reefs is the key link of marine ranching construction.In order to study the influence of the upstream inflow angle on artificial reefs at different velocities,in this paper,based on Ansys-Fluent,the RNG k-εturbulence model is used to conduct numerical flume simulation.The hydrodynamic characteristics of a 3 m cube-diagonal open-hole fish reef under three incoming velocities(0.5,1.0 and 1.5 m/s)and four attack of angles(0°,15°,30°and 45°)were compared and analyzed,including upwelling volume,back eddy volume,resistance and overturning moment.Studies have shown that there are upwelling and back eddy areas with significant character-istics in and around the artificial reef.The scale of the flow field is basically not affected by the flow velocity,while flow velocity is the main factor affecting the stability of cube-diagonal hole-opening reef.The greater the flow velocity,the greater the resistance and overturning moment acting on the reef,and the worse the stability of the reef.The flow field effect of artificial reefs is mainly influenced by the inflow angle.The flow field effect scale of the artificial reefs reaches the optimum when the inflow angle is 30°-45°,and the upwelling volume and back eddy volume reach the maximum when the reef is 45°.The weight assignment method is used to introduce a com-prehensive evaluation model for the construction effect of artificial reefs.Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis,the sea area with the maximum flow velocity not exceeding 1 m/s should be selected when placing artifi-cial reefs without considering the conditions of seabed sedimentation,wind and waves,etc.Moreover,the con-struction effect of the reef is the best when the inflow angle is within the range of 30°to 45°,which can provide a certain theoretical basis for the artificial reef deployments in practical engineering.
作者
薛大文
庞聪利
潘昀
XUE Dawen;PANG Congli;PAN Yun(School of Naval Architercture and Maritime,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China)
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第3期182-193,共12页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
国家自然科学基金(52101330)
浙江省省属高校基本科研业务费(2022J004)
浙江省自然科学基金(LQ18E090007,LQ19E090007)
浙江省大学生新苗计划(2020R411053)。
关键词
人工鱼礁
海洋牧场
流场效应
数值模拟
稳定性
迎流角度
artificial reefs
marine ranching
flow field effect
numerical simulation
stability
angle of attack
