摘要
枣疯病是枣树(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.)的一种毁灭性病害,发病后常常导致树体死亡,对枣产业可持续健康发展造成严重威胁。为了明确河北省枣疯病的发病情况和特点,本研究采用重点调查与田间普查相结合的方法,对河北省枣主要产区的枣树枣疯病发病情况进行调查。本次调查涉及到7个市21个县(市),枣树种植面积占河北省枣树种植总面积的81.60%;9个枣树品种;2种地形,分别是平原区和山区(太行山区、燕山山区)。结果显示,调查的21个县(市)枣树枣疯病发病面积比例平均为2.13%,其中唐县枣树发病最重(发病面积比例最高,为12.32%),黄骅市发病最轻(发病株仅有1株);枣树品种和地形对枣疯病的发生程度影响较大,其中,婆枣发病最重(发病面积比例最高,为4.87%)、冬枣未见发病树体,山区种植的枣树发病程度(发病面积比例为3.64%,发病株率为96.88%)重于平原区种植的枣树(发病面积比例为0.17%,发病株率为3.12%)。为了探索枣疯病的防治方法,我们采用叶面喷施和树干注射2种方式施用小分子诱导剂进行枣疯病树体的治疗康复试验,结果显示,叶面喷施和树干注射小分子诱导剂均对枣疯病树体具有康复效果,树体康复有效率为50%~70%。河北省枣疯病发病情况较为普遍,发病程度与地形和枣树品种有关,小分子诱导剂有望成为治疗枣疯病的较为有效方法。
Jujube witches’broom is a devastating disease of jujube trees(Zizyphus jujuba Mill.),which often leads to tree death and poses a serious threat to the sustainable and healthy development of the jujube industry.In order to clarify the incidence and characteristics of jujube witches’broom in Hebei Province,the incidence of jujube witches’broom in the main jujube producing areas of Hebei Province was investigated using a combination of focused investigation and field survey.The asurvey involved 21 counties(cities)in 7 cities,with total producing area of jujube accounting for 81.60%of the total producing area of jujube in Hebei Province.There were 8 jujube varieties and 2 types of terrain,including plain areas and mountainous areas(Taihang Mountains and Yanshan Mountains).The results showed that the average incidence area rate of jujube witches’broom in the 21 counties(cities)surveyed was 2.13%,with Tang County having the highest incidence area rate(12.32%),and Huanghua City having the lowest incidence area rate(only 1 tree).Varieties and terrain had significant impacts on the incidence of jujube witches’broom,Pozao having the highest incidence area rate(4.87%)and no incidence trees observed in Dongzao.The incidence of jujube witches’broom in mountainous areas(3.64%incidence area rate and 96.88%incidence trees)was higher than that in plain areas(0.17%incidence area ratio and 3.12%incidence trees).In order to explore the prevention and treatment methods of jujube witches’broom,two methods of leaf spraying and trunk injection were used to apply small molecule inducers for the treatment and rehabilitation of jujube witches’broom trees.The results showed that both leaf spraying and trunk injection of small molecule inducers had rehabilitation effects on jujube witches’broom trees,with an effective rate of 50%to 70%.The incidence of jujube witches’broom in Hebei Province is relatively common,and its severity is related to terrain and jujube varieties.Smallmolecule inducers are expected to become an effective method for treating jujube witches’broom.
作者
王希
候如月
霍立勇
孟晓鑫
王晓玲
王彦立
毛永民
WANG Xi;HOU Ru-yue;HUO Li-yong;MENG Xiao-xin;WANG Xiao-ling;WANG Yan-li;MAO Yong-min(Kangermei Technology(Baoding)Co.,Ltd,Baoding 071000,China;Nanhe Vocational Technical Education Center of Xingtai,Xingtai 054400,China;Hebei Science and Technology Innovation Service Center,Shijiangzhuang 050031,China;Xindu District Agriculture and Rural Affairs Bureau of Xingtai,Xingtai 054000,China;College of Horticulture,Agricultural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,China;College of Rural Development,Agricul tural University of Hebei,Baoding 071000,China)
出处
《河北农业科学》
2024年第1期55-59,65,共6页
Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1701700)
河北省林业厅枣科技支撑项目(LC2019-08)。
关键词
枣
枣疯病
小分子诱导剂
Jujube
Jujube witches’broom
Small molecule inducers
