摘要
定性研究的重要性日益凸显。然而,鉴于定性研究有其复杂的哲学基础,加之定量研究范式处于强势和主导地位,学者们对“如何评价并提升定性研究可信度”感到疑惑。为了有效地释疑解惑,本文首先回溯定性研究的历史沿革,审视实证主义、诠释主义、社会建构主义三类哲学基础,以便揭示定性研究的本质特征;其次,结合顶级期刊论文阐释、对比不同哲学基础的定性研究之可信度评价标准与提升举措,以明确定性研究可信度的内核以及哲学基础对评价标准的影响;最后,归纳研究结论,展望定性研究发展趋势,预测可信度评价标准的演化。本文试图站在历史发展和哲学基础的角度,全面审视和阐释定性研究可信度问题,系统地解答学者对定性研究可信度的疑惑,以期促进构建具有中国特色的管理学理论。
Qualitative research,with its roots deeply in practice,has been recognized as an undeniable research method in developing distinctive Chinese management theories.The trustworthiness of qualitative research ensures the explanation power and effectiveness of developed theories.However,the complexity of philosophical foundations of qualitative research confuses scholars on“how to assess and improve the trustworthiness of qualitative research”.This paper makes an attempt to explain the trustworthiness of diverse qualitative research methods from the two aspects of historical evolution and philosophical foundations,and give illustrations through published articles.Firstly,tracing the history of qualitative research,this paper finds that qualitative research tackles with the most important phenomenon in its era,with a specific focus on critical social units.Different social units require distinct qualitative research methods,so qualitative research is historically pluralistic.Second,from the perspectives of ontology and epistemology,this paper explains the three basic philosophical foundations of qualitative research methods:positivism,interpretivism,and social constructionism.After that,it selects and analyzes qualitative articles in top management journals to clearly illustrate the criteria in assessing the trustworthiness of three qualitative research methods,aiming to vividly show the approaches and actions of improving the trustworthiness of qualitative research.Third,this paper prospects the future of qualitative research and expects the evolution of the criteria in assessing the trustworthiness.In sum,from a historical and philosophical perspective,this paper provides a holistic and detailed explanation on the confusion of scholars on the trustworthiness of qualitative research,which sets the basis of developing distinctive Chinese management theories.
作者
万倩雯
卫田
Wan Qianwen;Wei Tian(School of Business,East China University of Science and Technology,Shanghai 200237,China;School of Management,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)
出处
《外国经济与管理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期135-152,共18页
Foreign Economics & Management
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(72072038,71772051)
上海“曙光计划”项目(21SG04)
上海市“超级博士后”激励计划(2020123)
复旦大学义乌研究院项目(WAH1019141)。
关键词
定性研究
可信度
实证主义
诠释主义
社会建构主义
qualitative research
trustworthiness
positivism
interpretivism
social constructivism
