摘要
《民法典》第一千零一十五条是关于自然人姓氏选取的规定,旨在确定自然人姓氏选取的基本规则。本条共有两款,第一款是关于自然人姓氏选取原则与例外的一般规定,旨在在作为原则的父姓或者母姓与作为例外的其他直系长辈血亲的姓氏、其他扶养人的姓氏及不违背公序良俗的其他正当理由的姓氏之间形成适当的平衡,解决自然人姓氏选取自由与社会公共利益保护之间存在的冲突。本条第二款是关于少数民族自然人姓氏选取的规定,属于本条第一款的例外规定。由于第二款是引致规范,所以适用该款应以该少数民族自然人本民族的文化传统和风俗习惯中有关姓氏选取的基本规则为前提;第二款亦是赋权规范,少数民族自然人既可以选择依据本款引致的规则选取姓氏,亦可以选择依据本条第一款规定选取姓氏。另外,获得我国国籍的外国人的姓氏选取,可以类推适用本条第二款。
Article 1015 of the Civil Code is a general provision on the selection of the surname of a natural person,which aims to determine the basic rules for the selection of the surname of a natural person.There are two paragraphs in this article,the first of which is a general provision on the principles and exceptions for the selection of the surname of a natural person,which aims to form an appropriate balance between paternal or maternal surname as a principle and the surname of other lineal elders and blood relatives,the surnames of other dependents and the surnames of other legitimate reasons that do not contravene public order and good customs as exceptions,so as to resolve the conflicts that may exist between the freedom to choose the surname of natural persons and the protection of the public interest.Paragraph 2 of this article is a provision on the selection of the surnames of natural persons belonging to ethnic minorities and is an exception to paragraph 1 of this article.Since paragraph 2 is a leading norm,its application should be premised on the existence of basic rules regarding the choice of surnames in the cultural traditions and customs of the natural persons of the minority.Paragraph 2 is also an enabling norm whereby natural persons belonging to ethnic minorities may choose a surname in accordance with the rules arising from this paragraph or in accordance with paragraph 1 of this article.In addition,paragraph 2 of this article may be applied by analogy to the selection of the surname of a foreigner who has acquired the nationality of China.
出处
《法治社会》
2024年第2期25-35,共11页
Law-Based Society
关键词
《民法典》
第1015条
姓氏选取
自然人姓氏
父姓或者母姓
少数民族自然人
姓氏
外国人姓氏
Article 1015 of the Civil Code
Surname Selection
Surname of Natural Persons
Paternal or Maternal Surname
Surnames of Natural Persons Belonging to Ethnic Minorities
Foreigner’s Surname
