摘要
在云南省西双版纳澳洲坚果种植区发现为害澳洲坚果的新害虫——脊胸露尾甲,为准确掌握其生物学习性,在室内以澳洲坚果果仁为食料饲养该虫,观察各虫态形态、成虫交配习性、产卵习性,测定卵孵化率及各虫态存活率。结果表明,脊胸露尾甲发育经历卵、幼虫、蛹、成虫4个虫态,其中幼虫分为3个龄期,随着龄期增长,幼虫体长、体宽和头壳宽度逐渐增加。成虫羽化后不会立即交配,交配前期(4.65±0.04)d,交配时长不等,初次交配时长(13.78±0.29)min,雄成虫存在争夺交配权行为。雌成虫产卵前期(8.65±0.03)d,初次产卵量(1.94±0.06)粒,一天中15:00—18:00产卵量/h最高;雌成虫对产卵位置具有选择性,背光面着卵率极显著高于向光面。卵孵化率随着相对湿度增加而不断提高。常规饲养条件下,卵、1龄幼虫、2龄幼虫、3龄幼虫、蛹的存活率分别为(86.50±0.69)%、(83.31±2.99)%、(94.85±0.71)%、(97.09±1.46)%、(98.77±1.23)%。
Carpophilus dimidiatus(Fabricius),a new pest of macadamia nut,has been recently found in the macadamia plantation area in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan Province.To accurately understand its biological behavior,C.dimidiatus was raised indoor with macadamia nut kernels to observe the morphology of different developmental state,adult mating behavior and oviposition characteristics,and detect the egg hatching rate and survival rate of different state.The results showed that the development of C.dimidiatus went through four stages of egg,larva,pupa and adult.The larva had three instars.The body length,body width and head width were gradually increased with the increase of instars.Adults did not immediately mate after emergence.The premating period was(4.65±0.04)d(SE).The mating time was variable,with average length of the first mating time at(13.78±0.29)min,and competition did occur between males to mate with females.The oviposition prophase of female adult was(8.65±0.03)d,averaged with(1.94±0.06)eggs for its first-oviposition.The period of highest oviposition was between 15:00 and 18:00,with a selection preference to the spawning position.The backlit side of egg landing rate was extremely significantly higher than that of the light side.The egg hatching rate was gradually increased with the increasing of humidity.Under the conventionally feeding conditions,the survival rates of eggs,1st instar larvae,2nd instar larvae,3rd instar larvae and pupae was(86.50±0.69)%,(83.31±2.99)%,(94.85±0.71)%,(97.09±1.46)%and(98.77±1.23)%,respectively.
作者
许丽月
王进强
孔祥东
张永科
朱国渊
吴忠华
贺熙勇
XU Liyue;WANG Jinqiang;KONG Xiangdong;ZHANG Yongke;ZHU Guoyuan;WU Zhonghua;HE Xiyong(Yunnan Institute of Tropical Crops/Yunnan Macadamia Agricultural Engineering Research Center,Jinghong,Yunnan 666100,China)
出处
《中国南方果树》
北大核心
2024年第2期117-122,共6页
South China Fruits
基金
云南省盈江县澳洲坚果产业科技特派团(202104BI090004)
云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2024-7)
云南省热带作物科学研究所青年成长基金(QNCZ2020-10)
兴滇英才支持计划资助。
关键词
云南
澳洲坚果
新害虫
脊胸露尾甲
虫态
产卵
Yunnan
macadamia nut
new pest
Carpophilus dimidiatus
insect stage
oviposition
