摘要
为明确不同养分调控技术对大豆连作障碍消减的作用,本文阐述了大豆连作障碍的发生与危害。从提高肥料养分供应能力、改善土壤理化性状和优化土壤微生物环境3个方面分别综述了针对大豆连作障碍中不同危害的解决方案。通过改变施肥方式、时间、数量等方式解决大豆长期连作导致土壤中养分偏耗和影响大豆生长发育的问题;通过使用不同改良剂针对性地解决土壤酸化、板结、保水保肥能力下降的问题;在大豆连作土壤中接入有益微生物,从而降低有害微生物及病原菌的活性,最终达到改善土壤微生物环境的效果。最后总结得出,消减大豆连作障碍过程中尚待解决的问题以及养分调控技术的研究方向,为大豆连作障碍的发生发展机理的研究、养分调控技术的优化改良提出建议和展望。
In order to clarify the effect of different nutrient regulation technologies on the reduction of soybean continuous cropping obstacles,this paper expounds the occurrence and harm of soybean continuous cropping obstacles.In this paper,the solutions for different hazards in soybean continuous cropping obstacles were reviewed from three aspects:Improving fertilizer nutrient supply capacity,improving soil physical and chemical properties,and optimizing soil microbial environment.The problem of long-term continuous cropping of soybean causing nutrient depletion in the soil and affecting the growth and development of soybean was solved by changing the fertilization method,time and quantity.By using different amendments,the problems of soil acidification,compaction,and the decline of water and fertilizer retention capacity can be solved.Beneficial microorganisms were introduced into soybean continuous cropping soil,so as to reduce the activity of harmful microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria,and finally achieve the effect of improving the soil microbial environment.Finally,it is concluded that the problems to be solved in the process of reducing soybean continuous cropping obstacles and the research direction of nutrient regulation technology were summarized to provide suggestions and prospects for the research on the occurrence and development mechanism of soybean continuous cropping obstacles and the optimization and improvement of nutrient regulation technology.
作者
孙义卓
蔡姗姗
王伟
郭伟
孙磊
孙海燕
SUN Yizhuo;CAI Shanshan;WANG Wei;GUO Wei;SUN Lei;SUN Haiyan(Heilongjiang Institute of Black Soil Protection and Utilization,Harbin 150086,China;College of Agriculture,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163000,China)
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期237-244,共8页
Soybean Science
基金
国家大豆产业技术体系(CARS04)
黑龙江省揭榜挂帅项目(2021ZXJ05B011)
中国与联合国开发计划署合作水资源管理方案之促进黑土区水资源保护与农业可持续发展示范项目(CPR/21/401)。
关键词
大豆
连作障碍
土壤质量退化
养分调控技术
soybean
continuous obstacles
soil quality degradation
nutrient control technology
