摘要
砷是锌冶炼过程中的有害杂质元素,不仅制约着锌冶炼的顺利和安全生产,同时也影响企业的经济效益。云南某锌冶炼企业采用“SO_(2)还原浸出—铁粉沉铜”工艺处理锌冶炼浸出渣后所得铜砷渣砷含量高,为降低铜砷渣中砷的含量和提高铜渣的计价系数,采用“SO_(2)还原浸出—铁粉沉铜”工艺铁粉沉铜后的溶液为浸出剂,将含砷铜渣与含有一定浓度H_(2)SO_(4)及Fe^(2+)的铁粉沉铜后溶液以一定的液固比混合,用氧压浸出工艺进行处理,开展砷的分离与固化,深入研究关键技术参数对含砷铜渣中铜、砷浸出率,砷固化率以及固砷渣品质的影响规律。结果表明:含砷铜渣在初始硫酸浓度50 g/L、液固比5∶1、氧分压0.4 MPa、反应温度120℃、反应时间3 h的工艺条件下,可实现含砷铜渣中99%以上的铜和砷被浸出;含砷铜渣在铁砷质量比2.0、初始pH值1.0、液固比5∶1、氧分压0.4 MPa、反应温度120℃、反应时间3 h的固砷工艺条件下进行固砷处理,有价金属损失小,砷以稳定的臭葱石晶体固化,砷固化率98.23%,且臭葱石晶体结构良好、晶粒清晰、表面光滑、边缘整齐;固砷后的溶液经过锌粉置换沉铜,可产出含铜质量分数在70%以上的富铜渣,铜渣中铜的计价系数较除砷前提升13%,既实现了含砷铜渣中砷的分离与固化,降低了砷对环境的污染,又实现了企业的经济效益。研究结果可为锌冶炼含砷铜渣的高值化利用和砷的环境污染防治及环境风险防控提供参考。
Arsenic(As)is a harmful impurity element in the zinc(Zn)smelting process,which not only restricts the smooth and safe production of Zn smelting,but also affects the economic benefits of enterprises.A Zn smelting enterprise in Yunnan province,the“SO_(2)reduction leaching-iron powder Cu precipitation”process was adopted to treat Zn smelting leaching residue,resulting in the As enrich in the Cu As residue.In order to reduce As content and improve the pricing coefficient of the residue,the Cu post-sedimentation liquid,obtained from“SO_(2)reduction leaching-iron powder Cu precipitation”process,was used as the leaching agent.The As-containing Cu residue was mixed with the Cu post-sedimentation liquid at at a certain liquid-solid ratio,which containing a certain concentration of H_(2)SO_(4)and Fe^(2+).And then,the mixed material was treat by oxygen pressure leaching process to carry out the separation and solidification of As.The effects of key technical parameters on the leaching efficiency of Cu and As in arsenic-containing Cu residue,the As solidification efficiency,and the quality of arsenic-fixing residue were investigated.Results show that the leaching efficiency of Cu and As are more than 99%under the optimal process parameters at initial sulfuric acid concentration of 50 g/L,liquid-solid ratio of 5∶1,oxygen partial pressure of 0.4 MPa,leaching temperature of 120℃,and leaching time of 3 h.The As-containing Cu residue was treated with arsenic-fixing process under the conditions of iron-arsenic mass ratio of 2.0,initial pH value of 1.0,liquid-solid ratio of 5∶1,oxygen partial pressure of 0.4 MPa,reaction temperature of 120℃,and reaction time of 3 h.The loss of valuable metals is small,and As is solidified in a stable scorodite crystal.The As solidification efficiency is 98.23%,and the scorodite crystal structure is good,the grain is clear,the surface is smooth,and the edge is neat.The solution after As fixation is cemented by zinc powder to remove Cu,and Cu content of more than 70%in residue can be obtained.After As removal,the pricing coefficient of Cu in the residue increase to 13%.It not only realizes the separation and solidification of As in the Cu residue,reduces the pollution of As to the environment,but also realizes the economic benefits of the Zn smelting enterprise.The research results can provide reference for the high-value utilization of As-containing Cu residue in zinc smelting process and the prevention and control of environmental pollution and environmental risk of As.
作者
陈先友
魏昶
李兴彬
邓志敢
CHEN Xianyou;WEI Chang;LI Xingbin;DENG Zhigan(Yunxi Wenshan Zinc Indium Smelting Co.Ltd.,Wenshan,Yunnan,663701,China;Kunming University of Science and Technology,School of Metallurgy and Energy Engineering,Kunming 650093,China)
出处
《矿冶》
CAS
2024年第2期264-270,共7页
Mining And Metallurgy
关键词
含砷铜渣
砷酸铁
臭葱石
砷固化
浸出
固化
copper slag containing arsenic
arsenate iron
stinky onion stone
arsenic solidification
leaching
curing
