摘要
水体作为地表热环境的重要敏感因子,对缓解热环境效应具有重要作用。基于2003、2011和2019年土地覆被数据与热环境指数数据,以重庆市主城七区为例,将景观格局与热环境相结合,利用空间分析和相关性分析探究地表重要覆被对水体降温能力的影响以及水体对热环境效应的具体调控机制。结果表明:①水体相比裸地、植被、建成区覆被类型,其热环境指数处于最低水平,与热环境效应呈显著的负相关性,有良好的降温效果,且单位水体比单位植被降温作用更强;②水体与植被之间存在相互作用,且随着植被比例增加,水体的降温效果越差;在非城市用地中,植被的降温效果最好,随着城市发展密度的增加,水体的降温效果也逐渐增强,超越植被调节热环境的能力;③水体自身热环境与水体形状指数无关,与面积、长度、宽度、深度因素有关,且在一定范围内,随着面积、长度、宽度和深度的增加,降温效果有所提升;④随着缓冲距离的增大,水体的降温效果逐渐下降,河流的最佳降温范围为200 m左右,水塘和水库的有效降温范围在300 m左右。为促进城市热环境的改善,未来应因地制宜利用城市空间增加绿化、加强水体循环等机制来缓解城市热环境效应,实现城市生态的稳定和可持续发展。
As an important sensitive factor of the surface thermal environment,water bodies play an important role in mitigating thermal environmental effects.Based on the land cover data and thermal environment index data in 2003,2011,and 2019,taking the seven districts of the main city of Chongqing as an example,the landscape pattern is combined with the thermal environment,with spatial and correlation analyses are utilized to explore the influence of important surface cover on the cooling capacity of water bodies and the specific regulation mechanism of water bodies on the thermal environment effect.The results show that:①Compared with bare ground,vegetation,and built-up area cover types,the thermal environment index of water bodies is at the lowest level,and that there is a significant negative correlation with the thermal environment effect,which has a good cooling effectand the unit water body has a stronger cooling effect than the unit vegetation.②There are interactions between water bodies and vegetation,and with the increase of the proportion of vegetation,the worse the cooling effect of water bodies is;in the non-urban land,the cooling effect of vegetation is the best,and with the increase of the density of urban development,the cooling effect of water bodies is also gradually enhanced,which is beyond the ability of vegetation to regulate the thermal environment.③The thermal environment of the water body itself has nothing to do with the shape index of the water body,and is related to the factors of area,length,width and depth,and the cooling effect is enhanced with the increase of area,length,width and depth within a certain range.④The cooling effect of the water body gradually decreases as the buffer distance increases.The optimal cooling range of rivers is about 200 m,and the effective cooling range of water ponds and reservoirs is about 300 m.The cooling effect of water bodies in urban areas is also improved with the increase of buffer distance.In order to promote the improvement of the urban thermal environment,in the future mechanisms such as increasing greening in urban space and strengthening water circulation should be utilized according to local conditions to mitigate the urban thermal environment effect and achieve stable and sustainable development of urban ecology.
作者
杨清源
邓睿
汤伟宏
张用川
YANG Qingyuan;DENG Rui;TANG Weihong;ZHANG Yongchuan(School of Smart City,Chongqing Jiaotong University,Chongqing 400074,China;School of Forestry&Landscape Architecture,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)
出处
《西安理工大学学报》
CAS
北大核心
2024年第1期15-26,共12页
Journal of Xi'an University of Technology
基金
国家重点研究计划资助项目(2019YFB2102503)
重庆市气象部门业务技术攻关资助项目(YWJSGG-202218)。
关键词
水体
植被
热环境效应
降温机制
重庆市主城七区
water body
vegetation
thermal environment effect
cooling mechanism
Chongqing main city seven district
