摘要
目的:探讨社区居家老年人心理健康与活力老化、身体活动的关系。方法:采用方便抽样法选取河北省邢台市3个社区581名老年人作为调查对象,采用人口学特征调查表、杜克活动状况指数(DASI)、活力老化量表、心理健康量表进行调查。结果:单因素分析显示,不同性别、民族、婚姻状况、居住情况老年人的身体活动评分、活力老化评分、积极情绪评分及消极情绪评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同年龄段老年人的身体活动评分、活力老化评分、积极情绪评分及消极情绪评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=35.719,16.411,9.524,22.569;P<0.001);不同文化程度老年人的活力老化评分、积极情绪评分及消极情绪评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=7.036,13.293,20.706;P<0.001);不同月收入老年人的积极情绪评分、消极情绪评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=16.119,11.723;P<0.001);是否患慢性疾病的老年人的身体活动评分、活力老化评分、积极情绪评分及消极情绪评分比较,差异有统计学意义(t=5.532,2.474,6.947,7.033;P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,积极情绪与消极情绪、活力老化呈负相关(r=-0.471,-0.356;P<0.05),与身体活动呈正相关(r=0.518,P<0.05);消极情绪与活力老化呈正相关(r=0.592,P<0.05),与身体活动呈负相关(r=-0.343,P<0.05)。以积极情绪评分、消极情绪评分为因变量,结合单因素分析,按纳入(α=0.05)、排除(β=0.10)标准,将6个自变量(年龄、文化程度、月收入、慢性疾病、身体活动、活力老化)纳入方程,进行多元线性回归分析。结果显示,高龄、低文化程度、低月收入、患慢性疾病、身体活动评分低及活力老化评分高,则社区老年人消极情绪越强,积极情绪体验越少(t=-3.107,2.871,6.541,-4.006,8.769,-7.507,-9.142,8.724,6.883,-5.589,-8.190,6.706;P<0.05)。结论:社区居家老年人心理健康状态受年龄、文化程度、月收入及慢性疾病影响,且与其身体活动、活力老化现状有关,高龄、低文化程度、低月收入、患慢性疾病、身体活动少及活力老化高,会导致社区居家老年人消极情绪体验增加,积极情绪体验减少,不利于其心理健康。
Objective:To discuss the relationship between the psychological health and vitality of the elderly at home in the community.Methods:The convenient sampling method was used to select 581 elderly people in Hebei province Xingtai city 3 communities as the survey target.It adopted the population characteristics survey table,Duker activity status index(DASI),vitality aging meter,and psychological health table.Results:Analysis of single factors shows that different gender,ethnic,marriage status,living conditions of the elderly,vitality aging scores,positive emotional scores,and negative emotional scores of the elderly.The differences are not statistically significant(P>0.05);A person's physical activity score,vitality aging score,positive emotional scores and negative emotional scores,the differences are statistically significant(t=35.719,16.411,9.524,22.569;P<0.001);Comparison of the vibrant aging scores,positive emotional scores and negative emotional scores of the elderly in different cultural levels.There were statistical significance(t=7.036,13.293,20.706;P<0.001);Comparison of positive emotional scores and negative emotional scores of the elderly in different months,and the differences were statistically significant(t=16.119,11.723;P<0.001);Whether the physical activity score,vitality aging of the elderly who suffer from chronic diseases comparison of scores,positive emotional scores and negative emotional scores,the differences were statistically significant(t=5.532,2.474,6.947,7.033;P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the positive emotions were negatively correlated with negative emotions and vitality(r=-0.471,-0.356;P<0.05),and positively correlated with physical activity(r=0.518,P<0.05),Negative emotion was positively related to vitality(r=0.592,P<0.05),was negatively related to physical activity(r=-0.343,P<0.05).Based on positive emotional scores and negative emotional scores into variables,combined with single factors analysis,according to the standards of income(α=0.05),exclusion(β=0.10),to physical activity and vitality)included the equation and carried out multiple linear regression analysis.The results showed that the elderly,low cultural levels,low-month income,chronic diseases,low physical activity scores and high vitality aging scores,the stronger the negative emotions of the elderly in the community,the less positive emotional experience(t=-3.107,2.871,6.541,-4.006,8.769,-7.507,-9.142,8.724,6.883,-5.589,-8.190,6.706;P<0.05).Conclusion:The mental health state of the community home is affected by age,cultural level,monthly income,and chronic diseases,and it is related to their physical activity and vitality aging status.Highness will lead to an increase in negative emotional experience in the community home and elderly people,and decreased positive emotional experience,which is not conducive to its mental health.
作者
贾红力
蒋佩佩
陈乐
郑春贵
孟凤
刘勇
王聪
JIA Hongli;JIANG Peipei;CHEN Le;ZHENG Chungui;MENG Feng;LIU Yong;WANG Cong(Nursing Department of Xingtai Medical College,Xingtai 054000,China;Youth League Committee of Nanhua Hospital Affiliated to Nanhua University;School of Nursing,Xiangnan University;Psychology Teaching and Research Department of Xingtai Medical College;Hebei Provincial Ophthalmology Hospital Information Center)
出处
《中国健康心理学杂志》
2024年第5期667-672,共6页
China Journal of Health Psychology
基金
湖南省科学技术厅2021年度湖南省临床医疗技术创新引导项目(编号:2021SK51912)
2021年度湖南省社会科学成果评审委员会一般资助课题(编号:XSP21YBZ095)
2023邢台市市级科技计划(编号:2023ZC358)。
关键词
社区
居家老年人
身体活动
活力老化
心理健康
Community
Elderly people at home
Physical activity
Vitality aging
Mental health
