摘要
探明红壤区早稻季产量与田面水磷素动态变化,为红壤稻区的水肥管理提供数据支撑。于2022年开展不同磷肥用量的田间试验,设置P_(2)O_(5)用量分别为0、26.6、33.8、41.1、48.3、55.6、62.8、70.1 kg/hm^(2)(分别为P0、P26.6、P33.8、P41.1、P48.3、P55.6、P62.8、P70.1处理),测定磷素吸收量与早稻产量,监测施肥后0、1、3、5、7 d田面水总磷浓度和含量的变化,并分析监测期内水稻产量、磷素吸收量及田面水总磷含量与磷肥用量的相关关系。结果表明:水稻磷素吸收量随磷肥用量的增加呈先升高后降低的趋势。以P55.6处理磷素吸收量最高,其次是P48.3、P62.8、P41.1、P33.8、P26.6和P70.1处理,但均未达到显著差异,P0处理最低,拟合计算发现,最佳磷肥用量为50.29 kg/hm^(2);早稻产量呈随磷肥用量先增加后降低的趋势,P0处理产量最低,其次是P26.6处理,二者均显著低于其他施磷处理,其他各处理间未达到显著差异,以P55.6处理产量最高,其次是P48.3处理,P41.1、P33.8处理较P48.3处理略有降低,拟合计算发现,51.88 kg/hm^(2)时产量最高;随着磷肥用量的增加,田面水总磷浓度和含量逐渐增加,各磷肥用量田面水总磷浓度、含量均在施肥后呈先升高后降低的趋势,施肥后1 d达到峰值,之后开始下降并在施肥后3 d趋于稳定;结合线性方程发现,施肥后0~7 d,田面水总磷含量与磷肥用量均存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.05),施肥后0、1、3、5、7 d磷肥用量每增加1 kg/hm^(2),田面水总磷含量分别增加0.046、0.033、0.011、0.011、0.020 kg/hm^(2)。因此,我国红壤稻田早稻季适宜磷肥(P_(2)O_(5))施用量为51.09 kg/hm^(2),施肥后3 d内是磷流失的高风险期,应减少排水。
This paper aimed to explore the dynamic change of yield and surface water phosphorus,in order to provide data support for water and fertilizer management in the red soil rice region.The experiment was carried out in 2022,Eight phosphorus application treatments were designed,including 0,26.6,33.8,41.1,48.3,55.6,62.8,70.1 kg/hm^(2)(remarking as P0,P26.6,P33.8,P41.1,P48.3,P55.6,P62.8,P70.1 treatments,respectively).The phosphorus absorption and yield of early rice was measured,the change of total phosphorus concentration and content in the field water 0,1,3,5,and 7 days after fertilization was monitored,also the correlation between rice yield,phosphorus uptake,and total phosphorus content in surface water and the phosphorus fertilizer dosage was analyzed.The results showed that the phosphorus absorption of rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of phosphorus fertilizer dosage.The highest phosphorus absorption was observed in P55.6 treatment,followed by P48.3,P62.8,P41.1,P33.8,P26.6 and P70.1 treatments,but no significant differences were observed,with P0 treatment being the lowest.Through calculation,it was found that the optimal amount of phosphate fertilizer was 50.29 kg/hm^(2).The yield of early rice showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase application of phosphorus fertilizer.The yield of P0 treatment was the lowest,followed by P26.6 treatment,both of which were significantly lower than that of other phosphorus treatments,and there was no significant difference between other treatments.The yield of P55.6 treatment was the highest,followed by P48.3 treatment,and the yield of P41.1,P33.8 treatment was slightly lower than that of P48.3 treatment.The highest yield occurred at 51.88 kg/hm^(2).The concentration and content of total phosphorus in surface water gradually increased with the increase of the amount of phosphorus fertilizer.The concentration and content of total phosphorus in surface water at each treatment increased first and then decreased after fertilization,and reached the peak value 1 day after fertilization,then began to decline and stabilized 3 days after fertilization.Based on the linear equation,it was found that there was a significant positive correlation(P<0.05)between the total phosphorus content and the amount of phosphorus fertilizer applied in the field water from 0 to 7 days after fertilization.For every 1 kg/hm^(2)increase in phosphorus fertilizer applied at 0,1,3,5,and 7 days after fertilization,the total phosphorus content in the field water increased by 0.046,0.033,0.011,0.011,and 0.020 kg/hm^(2),respectively.Therefore,the suitable application amount of phosphorus fertilizer(P_(2)O_(5))for the early rice season in red soil paddy fields in China was 51.09 kg/hm^(2).Within 3 days after fertilization was a high-risk period for phosphorus loss and drainage should be reduced.
作者
宋惠洁
吴艳
胡丹丹
胡志华
柳开楼
徐小林
张九兰
SONG Hui-jie;WU Yan;HU Dan-dan;HU Zhi-hua;LIU Kai-lou;XU Xiao-lin;ZHANG Jiu-lan(Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil and Germplasm Resources,Nanchang Jiangxi 331717;Agricultural Sciences Institute of Fuzhou City of Jiangxi Province,Fuzhou Jiangxi 344100)
出处
《中国土壤与肥料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期51-57,共7页
Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China
基金
江西省重点研发计划项目(20203BBFL63063)
江西省高层次高技能领军人才培养工程(2021-49)
江西省双千计划项目(jxsq2020102116)。
关键词
不同磷肥用量
早稻
田面水磷素浓度变化
田面水磷素含量变化
产量
different dosage of phosphate fertilizer
early rice
changes of phosphorus concentration in surface water
the change of phosphorus content in surface water
yield
