摘要
战斗机驾驶舱环境热舒适性是保障飞行员人机工效,确保战斗机发挥最佳作战性能的重要因素。但是,常用预期平均投票数-预期不满意百分数(PMV-PPD)人体热舒适性评价指标无法适用于驾驶舱内极度不均匀流场和温度场环境,驾驶舱环境热舒适性缺乏有效优化设计手段。首先利用STAR-CCM+、TAITherm 2个软件,实现了驾驶舱内气流组织与Fiala人体生理模型和Berkeley热舒适评价指标的联合仿真功能;进一步以人体热舒适性和温度不均匀性系数为优化指标,采用遗传算法(GA)对驾驶舱多个送风口流量分配进行一定优化设计。与传统非耦合求解方法相比,联合仿真方法可有效提升驾驶舱内飞行员皮肤温度与热舒适性计算精度。与原始设计方案相比,优化后人体周围环境温度不均匀系数改善16%,整体热舒适性提升了0.285,占该档量化表阶梯的14%。同时,优化方案绝大部分局部热感受、热舒适性都有不同程度的改善。其中,头部和颈部改善最大,颈部热感受与热舒适性分别提高了0.55、0.781,分别占该档量化表阶梯的55%、39%。
The thermal comfort of the fighter cockpit environment is an important factor to ensure the pilot manmachine efficiency and the best combat performance of the fighter.However,the commonly used PMV-PPD human thermal comfort evaluation index cannot be applied to the extremely uneven flow field and temperature field environ⁃ment in the cockpit,and the thermal comfort of the cockpit environment lacks effective optimization design means.This study first uses STAR-CCM+and TAITherm software to realize the joint simulation function of air distribution in the cockpit,Fiala human physiological model and Berkeley thermal comfort evaluation model,and then optimizes the hu⁃man thermal comfort and temperature non-uniformity coefficient.Genetic Algorithm(GA)is used to optimize the flow distribution of multiple air outlets in the cockpit.Compared with the traditional decoupling method,the joint simulation method can effectively improve the calculation accuracy of the skin temperature and thermal comfort of the pilot in the cockpit.Compared with the initial design plan,the temperature non-uniformity coefficient around the human body has improved by 16%after optimization,and the overall thermal comfort has increased by 0.285,accounting for 14%of the quantization scale ladder.Meanwhile,most of the local thermal sensation and thermal comfort of the optimization plan have been improved to varying degrees.Among them,those of the head and neck has improved the most,with the thermal sensation and thermal comfort of the neck increased by 0.55 and 0.781,respectively,accounting for 55%and 39%of the quantization scale ladder,respectively.
作者
刘钟琦
胡旭阳
罗海宁
王晓明
董素君
LIU Zhongqi;HU Xuyang;LUO Haining;WANG Xiaoming;DONG Sujun(School of Aeronautic Science and Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;AVIC Chengdu Aircraft Design and Research Institute,Chengdu 610091,China)
出处
《航空学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第7期122-133,共12页
Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica
关键词
驾驶舱
热舒适性
气流组织
战斗机
送风系统优化
cockpit
thermal comfort
air distribution
fighter
optimiztion of air supply system
