摘要
为探讨耕作及轮作方式对农田土壤理化性质和碳组分的影响,设置免耕和传统耕作2种耕作方式,以及小麦–玉米轮作、小麦/玉米间作、小麦–冬油菜–玉米轮作3种种植模式共6个处理进行试验。结果表明:与传统耕作相比,免耕增加了0~5、5~20 cm土层全氮、全磷、速效磷和水分含量,降低了土壤pH和容重。免耕小麦/玉米间作(NT.W1/NT.WM.1)处理的土壤容重、含水量、全氮、全磷含量高于免耕小麦–玉米–冬油菜轮作(NT.WRM3)和免耕小麦–玉米轮作(NT.WM5)处理,在不同土层间,土壤全氮、全磷和速效磷含量随着土层深度的增加而降低。土壤碳组分含量总体表现为免耕处理高于传统耕作处理,在0~5 cm土层免耕处理土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳、可溶性有机碳、微生物生物量碳含量较相应传统耕作处理分别增加了1.31%~36.57%、2.07%~35.22%、2.38%~4.78%、2.08%~11.68%,在5~20 cm土层免耕处理土壤有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量高于传统耕作处理。在不同免耕处理下,土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量在0~5、5~20 cm土层总体表现为NT.WM5处理高于其他免耕处理。相关性分析表明,土壤有机碳、微生物生物量碳和速效磷含量呈极显著正相关,容重和有机碳含量呈极显著负相关。综上,免耕小麦/玉米间作利于改善土壤理化性质,免耕小麦–玉米轮作有利于提高土壤有机碳、颗粒有机碳和微生物生物量碳含量。
In order to investigate the effects of tillage and crop rotation on soil physicochemical properties and carbon components,an field experiment was conducted,in which two tillage modes(no-tillage and traditional tillage)and three planting modes(wheat-maize rotation,wheat/maize intercropping,wheat-winter rapeseed-maize rotation)were deigned.The results showed that compared with traditional tillage,no-tillage increased total nitrogen,total phosphorus,available phosphorus and water content in 0–5 and 5–20 cm soil layer,but decreased soil pH and bulk density.Soil bulk density,water content,total nitrogen and total phosphorus under no-tillage and wheat/corn intercropping(NT.W1/NT.WM.1)were higher than those under no-tillage and wheat-corn-winter rapeseed rotation(NT.WRM3)and no-tillage and wheat-corn rotation(NT.WM5).The contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and available phosphorus decreased with the increase of soil depth.Soil carbon content under no-tillage treatment was higher than that under traditional tillage treatment.Compared with traditional tillage treatment,the contents of soil organic carbon,particulate organic carbon,soluble organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in 0–5 cm soil layer were increased by 1.31%–36.57%,2.07%–35.22%,2.38%–4.78%and 2.08%–11.68%,respectively.The contents of soil organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon under no-tillage treatment in 5–20 cm soil layer were higher than those under traditional tillage treatment.Under different no-tillage treatments,the contents of soil organic carbon,particulate organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon in 0–5 and 5–20 cm soil layers under NT.WM5 were higher than those in other no-tillage treatments.Correlation analysis showed that soil organic carbon,microbial biomass carbon and available phosphorus were positively correlated,while bulk density and organic carbon content were negatively correlated.In conclusion,no-tillage and wheat/maize intercropping can improve soil physicochemical properties,and no-tillage and wheat-maize rotation can increase soil organic carbon,particulate organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon content.
作者
田琨
杨彩红
吴建东
李艳翠
刘育秉
姜晓敏
崔文强
TIAN Kun;YANG Caihong;WU Jiandong;LI Yancui;LIU Yubing;JIANG Xiaomin;CUI Wenqiang(College of Forestry,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Hydraulic Research Institute,730000,China)
出处
《土壤》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第2期342-349,共8页
Soils
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(41561062)
甘肃农业大学青年导师基金项目(GAU-QDFC-2021-12)
甘肃省重点研发计划项目(21YF5NA014)
甘肃省水利科学实验研究及技术推广项目(23GSLK018)资助。
关键词
免耕
土壤碳组分
土壤理化性质
轮作方式
No-tillage
Soil carbon component
Physical and chemical properties of soil
Crop rotation pattern
