摘要
藏医药历代经典文献系统阐述了藏医药防瘟的理论和实践方法,通过燃熏、鼻闻、佩戴、内服、外涂等途径预防和治疗疾病。在历史的长河中,不论是内因还是外因,人类遭遇了无数次瘟疫。针对不同的疫病,在藏医诸多经典中,对疫病的病因病机、分类、症状、诊断、治疗、预防等内容进行了详细论述。比如《四部医典》《药王宝库》《藏医医诀补遗》《秘诀宝源》《藏医实践概论》中分别记载了10种、9种、18种、29种、36种。并有“古格单卷”“纳布古觉”“色布古觉”“曼纳青木”“南杰唐纳”等防治疫病的诸多方剂的记载,其中“防瘟九黑方”是在历代藏医药经典中疗效显著、独具优势的一种方剂,在近几年发生的SARS、新冠肺炎疫情期间,发挥了突出疗效。以历代藏医典籍为参考,重点对“防瘟九黑方”的演进历程及配伍方剂、使用方法等进行了详细的阐述。以文献比较方法,“防瘟九黑方”共有23种不同配方,其功效也各有侧重。由于各种方剂形成的时代不同,所配制的药方也具有显明的时代特征和机理差异。可分为口服类、具物类、咒语类、物咒结合类防瘟方等。通过现代病因机理研究发现,“防瘟九黑方”具有净化空气、杀菌消毒、预防流感、防瘟、抑菌等作用。临床实践中“防瘟九黑方”在各种疫病防治中发挥出极其重要的作用。
The classical literature of Tibetan medicine in the past dynasties systematically describes the theory and practice of Tibetan medicine to prevent and treat diseases through burning,smelling,wearing,taking internally and applying externally.In the long course of history,whether caused by internal or external causes,human beings have suffered countless plagues.For different epidemics,Tibetan medicine has made a variety of classifications according to symptoms and causes.In many classics of Tibetan medicine,the etiology,pathogenesis,symptoms,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of epidemics are discussed in detail.Ancient Tibetan medicine books and documents recorded Guge single volume,nag po dgu sbyor,sman nag chen mo,rnam rgyal thang nag and other epidemic prevention and control of many prescriptions,among which nag po dgu sbyor is a prominent and unique advantage in the Tibetan medicine classics in recent years,during the SARS and 2019-nCoV epidemics,nag po dgu sbyor has made great contributions to the fight against the epidemic.This paper focuses on the evolution of nag po dgu sbyor,the compatibility of prescriptions,and the use of methods were elaborated in detail.According to the literature review,there are 23 different formulations of nag po dgu sbyor,and their effects also have different focuses.Due to the different times in which each prescription was formed,the prescriptions formulated also have obvious characteristics of time and differences in mechanism.In clinical practice,various formulations such as powder and smoke began to be comprehensively used,and the combined effect of external wear and internal pill made the nag po dgu sbyor play an extremely important role in the prevention and control of various diseases.
作者
拉加太
仁青加
Lhagyal Thar;Rinchen Gyal(Tibet University of Tibetan Medicine;Qinghai Tibetan Hospital)
出处
《青海师范大学学报（藏文版）》
2024年第2期157-166,共10页
Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Tibetan language)
基金
中央引导地方科技专项“藏药独一味的药效学研究与抗肿瘤药物开发”(XZ202301YD0018C)。
关键词
藏医药
防瘟九黑方
发展现状
Tibetan medicine
nag po dgu sbyor
development status
