摘要
干旱作为影响社会经济发展的自然灾害之一,探究中国干旱时空变化特征,对干旱预防和策略制定具有重要意义。以1979-2020年中国7个区域的标准降水蒸散指数(SPEI)网格数据作为基础,应用干旱频率和强度指标,结合改进的Mann-Kendall检验(MMK)方法和滑动时间窗口法,分析不同时间尺度(1个月、3个月、6个月、12个月)下的中国干旱时空特征。结果表明:在空间上,青藏高原、内蒙草原地区、西北荒漠地区、东北湿润半湿润温带地区的干旱程度更为突出;干旱频率随SPEI时间尺度增大而减小,随干旱等级(SPEI-3、SPEI-6以及SPEI-12尺度)的增加而减少;中国空间趋势变化为西北荒漠地区、青藏高原、内蒙草原地区、华中华南湿润亚热带地区北部、华北湿润半湿润暖温带地区南部、东北湿润半湿润温带地区具有显著干旱化趋势,青藏高原和东北湿润半湿润温带地区均具有明显的干湿差异。在时间上,西北荒漠地区的SPEI-1~SPEI-12尺度、青藏高原的SPEI-1~SPEI-12尺度、内蒙草原地区的SPEI-1~SPEI-12尺度、东北湿润半湿润温带地区的SPEI-6和SPEI-12尺度、华中华南湿润亚热带地区SPEI-1、SPEI-3和SPEI-12尺度的干旱较为突出。研究结果可为中国干旱预防和影响评估提供一定参考依据。
The drought is a natural disasters that affect social and economic development.The exploration of temporal and spatial characteristics of drought is crucial to drought prevention and strategy formulation.The spatial-temporal aspect of drought in China was analyzed under different time scales(1-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month)by the frequency and intensity indexes of drought.The study used the Mann-Kendall test(MMK)method and the sliding time window method based on the standard precipitation Evapotranspiration Index(SPEI)grid data of seven regions in China from 1979 to 2020.The results show that the drought degree is more prominent in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,Inner Mongolia grassland,Northwest desert,and Northeast humid and semi-humid temperate regions.The drought frequency decreased with the increase of the SPEI time scale and the increase of drought level for the SPEI index on 3-month,6-month,and 12-month time scales.The spatial trend of China shows that the desert region of Northwest China,the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the grassland region of Inner Mongolia,the northern part of the humid subtropical region of South China,the southern part of the humid and semi-humid warm temperate region of North China,and the humid and semi-humid temperate region of Northeast China have a significant aridification trend.There were distinct differences between dry and wet in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the humid and sub-humid temperate regions of Northeast China.Regarding time scale,the drought degree calculated by the SPEI index is greater in the northwest desert area on 1-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month time scales,in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau on 1-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month,in the Inner Mongolia grassland area on 1-month,3-month,6-month,and 12-month time scales,in the humid and semi-humid temperate area of Northeast China on 6-month,and 12-month time scales,and in the humid and semi-humid temperate area of Central and South China on 1-month,3-month and 12-month time scales.The results can provide some reference for drought prevention and impact assessment in China.
作者
高晴
孙金伟
赵晓雪
吴立峰
赵静
谢恒星
姚付启
GAO Qing;SUN Jin-wei;ZHAO Xiao-xue;WU Li-feng;ZHAO Jing;XIE Heng-xing;YAO Fu-qi(College of Hydraulic Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,Shandong Province,China;College of Resources and Environmental Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,Shandong Province,China;School of Water Conservancy and Ecological Engineering,Nanchang Institute of Technology,Nanchang 330099,China;Yangtze River Science Institute,Yangtze River Water Conservancy Commission,Wuhan 430012,China;College of Environment and Life Sciences,Weinan Normal University,Weinan 714099,Shaanxi Province,China)
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2024年第6期111-120,127,共11页
Water Saving Irrigation
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(51809284、51309016)
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400206-04)
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2020ME254、ZR2020QDO61)
陕西省教育厅重点实验室科学研究计划项目(20JS047)。
