摘要
阿尔茨海默病(AD)是一种以记忆与认知功能进行性丧失为主要临床表现的神经退行性疾病,其发病机制复杂,难以治愈。AD的发生与基因异常表达、转录密切相关,组蛋白乙酰化在不改变基因编码序列的条件下,影响基因转录活性进而调控基因表达与染色体结构重塑,在调控β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)沉积与Tau蛋白磷酸化、神经元生长、突触可塑性等方面发挥重要作用,参与AD病理过程。中药防治AD具有多靶点、多环节、整体调节的特点,大量的动物与细胞实验验证中药可调控组蛋白乙酰化改善AD,该文聚焦组蛋白乙酰化在AD中的关键作用,从中药有效成分及中药复方两方面对近5年相关研究进行归纳分析,发现其主要作用机制涉及拮抗细胞凋亡、阻抑氧化应激、改善Tau蛋白与Aβ沉积、维持突触功能、营养保护神经元、修复髓鞘等多方面,主要药理功效为益肾安神、补脾和中、开窍化痰,中药复方中常用中药包括茯苓、甘草、川芎、石菖蒲、白芍等,该发现进一步验证了中药防治AD的巨大潜力,为AD临床治疗与实验研究提供了科学的理论依据。
Alzheimer's disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative disease with progressive losses of memory and cognitive function as the main clinical manifestations.It is difficult to be cured because of the complex pathogenesis.Histone acetylation regulates gene transcription and chromosome structure remodeling without changing the coding sequences of genes,participating in the pathological process of AD via modulating the amyloid beta-protein(Aβ)deposition,Tau phosphorylation,neuron growth,and synaptic plasticity.Traditional Chinese medicine can prevent and control AS via multiple targets and pathways from a holistic view.Animal and cell experiments have proven that traditional Chinese medicine can attenuate AD by regulating histone acetylation.Focusing on the key role of histone acetylation in AD,this study reviews the relevant studies in the last five years from the aspects of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions.The available studies suggest that the main mechanisms involve antagonizing apoptosis,inhibiting oxidative stress,ameliorating Tau and Aβdeposition,maintaining synaptic function,nourishing neurons,and repairing myelin sheath.The treatment methods include invigorating kidney and tranquilizing mind,tonifying spleen and harmonizing middle energizer,and opening orifices and resolving phlegm.The commonly used herbal medicines in compound prescriptions include Poria,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma,Chuanxiong Rhizoma,Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma,and Paeoniae Radix Alba.The findings indicate that traditional Chinese medicine demonstrates great potential in the prevention and treatment of AD,providing a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment and research of AD.
作者
李雪
周妍妍
王琪
李全
LI Xue;ZHOU Yanyan;WANG Qi;LI Quan(Basic Medical School,Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine,Harbin 150040,China)
出处
《中国实验方剂学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第13期271-278,共8页
Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2022H070)
黑龙江省博士后科研启动金项目(LBH-Q21046)
黑龙江省中医药科研项目(ZHY2022-108)
黑龙江中医药大学科研基金面上项目(2019MS31)。
关键词
阿尔茨海默病
组蛋白乙酰化
中药
机制
研究进展
Alzheimer's disease
histone acetylation
traditional Chinese medicine
mechanism
research progress
