摘要
在社会深刻变化与风景园林学科调整的背景下,开展更好的风景园林专业教学是行业持续健康发展的基础。依附于风景园林工程体系的竖向设计教学虽存在已久,但普遍存在认知与学时不足的问题,竖向设计真正的重要性与迫切性尚未得到正视。在“水”“场”“山”“筑”“路”“绿”“园”“形”的“竖向八法”设计理论框架下,量化计算、图纸表达、多维场景间的转换是其主要技术语汇。在竖向设计能力的培养中,竖向整合意识训练的重要性当居首位;量化计算训练则需处理好“设计”与“计算”的关系,走出“为计算而计算”的误区;借助智慧电子设备能辅助建立二维图形与三维实体间的对应关系,但竖向数据与真实体验之间的对应关系则需现场感知。在教学实践中,围绕竖向设计将各专业课程进行系统性的拆解、整合、调配,在横向上实现“理论”“设计”“实践”各环节在知识脉络的贯通,在纵向上以规划设计课STUDIO系列课程为主线,以实现竖向设计各类能力训练的融汇,由此而构架起来的纵横交织的竖向设计教学体系,能让学生真正获得用三维空间思维来推敲场地设计、用竖向来统筹各景观要素的能力。
Under the background of profound changes in society and adjustment of the discipline of landscape architecture,the better teaching of landscape architecture is the basis for sustainable and healthy industry development.Although the education of vertical design attached to landscape engineering has existed for a long time,many problems still need to be solved,such as insufficient cognition and shortage of teaching time,and the fundamental importance and urgency of vertical design have not been taken seriously.The vertical design is decomposed into eight steps:“water”“field”“mountain”“building”“road”“green”“garden”“shape”.The main technical terms of vertical design are quantitative calculation,drawing expression,and transformation between multi-dimensional scenes.Vertical integration consciousness training should be the priority in cultivating vertical design ability.Quantitative computation training needs to deal with the relationship between“design”and“calculation”and get out of the misunderstanding of“calculation for all but design”.Electronic smart devices can assist in establishing the correspondence between two-dimensional graphics and three-dimensional entities.Still,the direct connection between vertical data and personal feeling requires on-site perception.In teaching practice,the courses of various majors are systematically disassembled,integrated,and deployed based on vertical design,and the knowledge context of“theory”“design”“practice”is connected,together with the main courses of the STUDIOS for vertical design ability training are the guarantee of good teaching results.Thus,a complete vertical design teaching system can be constructed,and students can truly acquire the ability of three-dimensional thinking to explore site design and use vertical to coordinate various landscape elements.
作者
曹盼
熊辉
周晨
CAO Pan;XIONG Hui;ZHOU Chen(School of Architecture,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha,Hunan,China,410076)
出处
《园林》
2024年第7期135-142,共8页
Landscape Architecture Academic Journal
基金
湖南省省级教学改革重点项目“校企深度协同融合的风景园林人才培养模式研究”(编号:HNJG-20230339)
湖南省自然科学基金青年基金“避暑山庄水系景观变迁机制研究”(编号:2023JJ40029)
湖南省普通高等学校教学改革研究普通教育项目“以劳促学、以劳促建、以劳促研——风景园林实践与劳动教育融合的课程体系构建探索”(编号:HNJG-202100455)。
关键词
风景园林
竖向设计
教学体系
课程
规划设计
landscape architecture
vertical design
teaching system
course
planning and design
