摘要
为研究虾青素和β-胡萝卜素对大口黑鲈生长性能,体组成、体色以及血清、肝脏和肠道中抗氧化酶活力及免疫指标的影响,试验选取健康的大口黑鲈幼鱼450尾[(5.00±0.02)g],随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复组30尾,在基础日粮中分别添加0(F1组)、50 mg/kg虾青素(F2组)、100 mg/kg虾青素(F3组)、50 mg/kg β-胡萝卜素(F4组)、100 mg/kg β-胡萝卜素(F5组),配制5种等氮等脂试验饲料,进行为期56 d养殖试验。结果显示:F2组、F3组、F4组和F5组的增重率(WG)、特定生长率(SGR)和末均重(FW)均高于对照组,且F5组WG、SGR和FW相比对照组分别提高了10.11%、4.39%和8.11%;肥满度(CF)、摄食率(FR)、饲料系数(FCR)以及脏体比(VSI)和肝体比(HSI)均低于对照组,其中F5组FR和FCR相比对照组降低了6.44%和9.47%;添加虾青素和β-胡萝卜素,对大口黑鲈b^(*)值有显著提高作用,其中F3组和F4组b^(*)值相比对照组分别提高了334.63%、79.51%,对L^(*)值和a^(*)值无显著影响;添加50 mg/kg的虾青素和β-胡萝卜素能够提高血清中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)活力,添加100 mg/kg的虾青素和β-胡萝卜素能显著提高肝脏中SOD和GSH-PX活力,添加50 mg/kg虾青素和100 mg/kg的β-胡萝卜素能够显著提高肠道中SOD和GSH-PX活力,表明虾青素和β-胡萝卜素在机体不同部位呈现出的抗氧化能力不同;添加100 mg/kg的虾青素和β-胡萝卜素,血清IgM含量相比于对照组显著提高了22.71%和14.50%,提升了大口黑鲈的自身免疫功能。综上所述,饲料中添加虾青素和β-胡萝卜素对提高大口黑鲈生长性能,改善体表颜色、机体抗氧化能力与免疫功能有明显作用。
The experiment was conducted to study the effect of β-carotene and astaxanthin on growth performance,body composition,body color,antioxidant enzyme activity in serum,liver and intestine,and immune indexes of Micropterus salmoides.A total of 450 healthy M.salmoides with similar body weight[(5.00 ±0.02)g] were randomly divided into 5 groups,with 3 replicates in each group and 30 fish in each replicate.The basal diet was supplemented with 0(F1),50 mg/kg astaxanthin(F2),100 mg/kg astaxanthin(F3),50 mg/kg β-carotene(F4) and 100 mg/kg β-carotene(F5).The feeding trial lasted 56 days.The results showed that the weight gain rate(WG),specific growth rate(SGR) and final average weight(FW) of the F2,F3,F4 and F5 groups were higher than those of the control group,and the WG,SGR and FW of the F5 group were increased by 10.11%,4.39% and 8.11% compared to the control group,while condition factor(CF),feeding rate(FR),feed conversion ratio(FCR),visceral somatic indices(VSI) and hepatopancreas somatic indices(HSI) were lower than those of the control group,with FR and FCR decreased by 6.44% and 9.47% in the F5 group compared to the control group;Add astaxanthin and β-carotene significantly increased the b~*value of M.salmoides,with the F3 and F4 groups showing a 334.63% and 79.51% increase in b~*value compared to the control group,respectively.There was no significant effect on L~*and a~*values;50 mg/kg ofβ-carotene and astaxanthin increased the activity of superoxide dismutase(SOD) and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-PX) in serum,and 100 mg/kg of β-carotene and astaxanthin could significantly increase SOD and GSH-PX activity in the liver.50 mg/kg astaxanthin and 100 mg/kg β-carotene also significantly increased the activity of SOD and GSH-PX in the intestine.It showed that β-carotene and astaxanthin exhibit different antioxidant abilities in different parts of the body.The addition of 100 mg/kg of astaxanthin and β-carotene significantly increased the serum IgM content by 22.71% and 14.50% compared with the control group and improved the autoimmune function of M.salmoides.In conclusion,the results indicated that the supplementation of β-carotene and astaxanthin improved the growth performance,body color,antioxidant ability and immune function of M.salmoides.
作者
舒斌
龚洋洋
张磊
吕小燕
陈颖
吴坤岚
王耀
刘海萍
李建东
SHU Bin;GONG Yangyang;ZHANG Lei;LV Xiaoyan;CHEN Ying;WU Kunlan;WANG Yao;LIU Haiping;LI Jiandong(Zhejiang NHU Co.,Ltd.,Shaoxing,Zhejiang Province 312500,China)
出处
《中国饲料》
北大核心
2024年第13期116-123,共8页
China Feed
关键词
大口黑鲈
虾青素
Β-胡萝卜素
生长
体色
免疫
抗氧化能力
Micropterus salmoides
astaxanthin
β-carotene
growth
body color
immunity
antioxidant ability
