摘要
【目的】五大连池火山生境植物在土壤水分和营养物质等严重缺乏的条件下,经过长期的进化适应形成了自身独特的生存策略,研究单种植物叶性状对生境因子的响应,对深入了解火山生境植物生长限制因素及养分利用策略意义重大。【方法】以五大连池6座火山黑桦为研究对象,测定7项叶性状和9项土壤指标,采用Pearson和冗余分析法分析黑桦叶性状特征及其与生境因子的关系。【结果】1)叶片磷含量(LPC)、叶片钾含量(LKC)、叶片碳磷含量比(LC/P)和叶片氮磷含量比(LN/P)这4种叶性状在6座火山间都有显著差异,老黑山的LPC显著偏高,LC/P和LN/P显著偏低,黑桦叶性状的变异系数除LKC外都小于30.00%。2)6座火山黑桦同时具有同速和异速这两种叶性状间的权衡关系,以幂函数异速生长规律为主;黑桦叶性状叶片面积(LA)、叶片干物质含量(LDMC)、叶片碳含量(LCC)、叶片氮含量(LNC)、LKC、LC/P、叶片碳氮含量比(LC/N)和LN/P在分化中起到主要作用。3)冬季降水(PCW)是影响叶性状气候条件的主导因子,对LA、LC/P、LN/P、LC/P和LCC都产生显著的正效应,对LC/N、LPC和LDMC都产生显著的负效应。铵态氮(A-N)、速效磷(A-P)和全钾含量(TKC)为影响叶性状土壤养分的主导因子,A-N对LCC、比叶面积(SLA)和LDMC产生显著的正效应,对LA产生显著的负效应;A-P对LDMC产生显著的负效应;TKC对LC/N和LDMC产生显著的正效应。【结论】6座火山黑桦叶性状受火山喷发的特殊性、坡向、气候条件和土壤养分等因素的共同影响,叶性状间以同速和异速两种权衡关系来实现其对火山生境有限资源的最佳利用,黑桦生长过程中同化碳的营养利用效率较低,氮元素和速效磷对其生产力起限制性作用,钾元素对养分元素的保存能力等起到显著正效应。
【Objective】Plants have formed their own unique survival strategies through long-term evolutionary adaptation under the condition of severe shortage of soil moisture and nutrients in Wudalianchi volcanic habitat,studying the response of leaf traits of individual plants to habitat factors is of great significance for in-depth understanding of plant growth constraints and nutrient utilization strategies in volcanic habitat.【Method】The Betula dahurica of six volcanoes in Wudalianchi were taken as the research object,7 leaf traits and 9 soil indexes were determined,and the relationship between leaf traits and habitat factors were analyzed by Pearson and redundancy analysis.【Result】1)Leaf traits of LPC,LKC,LC/P and LN/P had significant differences among the six volcanoes.The LPC was significantly higher,while LC/P and LN/P was significantly lower in Laohei volcano.Except for LKC,the coefficient of variation of other leaf traits was less than 30.00%.2)The trade-off relationship among leaf traits was isokinetic and allometric,and the power function allometric growth was dominant.Leaf traits of B.dahurica such as LA,LDMC,LCC,LNC,LKC,LC/P,LC/N and LN/P played a major role in the differentiation.3)PCW was the dominant factor affecting for leaf traits under climatic conditions,and had significant positive effects on LA,LC/P,LN/P,LC/P and LCC,and significant negative effects on LC/N,LPC and LDMC.A-N,A-P and TKC were the dominant factors affecting for leaf traits under soil nutrients.A-N had significant positive effects on LCC,SLA,and LDMC,and significant negative effects on LA.A-P had significant positive effect on LDMC.TKC had significant positive effects on LC/N and LDMC.【Conclusion】The leaf traits of B.dahurica are jointly influenced by factors such as the particularity of volcanic eruption,slope direction,climatic conditions and soil nutrients six volcanoes.The optimal utilization of the limited resources is achieved by two kinds of trade-off relationship of isokinetic and allometric among leaf traits in volcanic habitat.The nutrient utilization efficiency of assimilated carbon is low during the growth of B.dahurica,and the nitrogen and rapidly available phosphorus have limiting effect on its productivity.Potassium has significant positive effect on the preservation ability of nutrient elements.
作者
谢立红
黄庆阳
曹宏杰
杨帆
王继丰
杨立宾
XIE Lihong;HUANG Qingyang;CAO Hongjie;YANG Fan;WANG Jifeng;YANG Libin(Institute of Natural Resources and Ecology,Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China;National and Provincial Joint Engineering Laboratory of Wetlands and Ecological Conservation,Harbin 150040,Heilongjiang,China)
出处
《中南林业科技大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第5期112-124,共13页
Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(31770497)
黑龙江省科学院双提雁阵特别计划项目(STYZ2023ZR01)
黑龙江省省属科研院所科研业务费项目(ZNQN2023ZR01)
黑龙江省科学院科学研究基金(KY2022ZR03)。
关键词
五大连池火山生境
黑桦
叶性状
生存策略
Wudalianchi volcanic habitat
Betula dahurica
leaf traits
survival strategy
