摘要
大敬法王锁南坚参是明代甘青地区即尔加族的宗教首领,宣德时受封为妙善通慧国师,先后居于西宁、凉州等地。正统八年(1443),其侄锁南巴袭封国师,他本人则前往临清净宁寺住持,负责甘青地区藏传佛教僧团在内地的贸易中转。成化年间入京城大能仁寺,历封禅师、静修弘善国师、大国师、西天佛子,成化十二年(1476)协助大悟法王札巴坚参前往甘青地区施茶,成化二十年(1484)受封为大敬法王。弘治十二年(1499)锁南坚参于北京圆寂。通过研究锁南坚参的生平事迹,尤其是结合临清《敕赐净宁寺碑记》,可以看出明代前中期甘青地区的藏传佛教僧团已经结成牢固的利益共同体,明“多封众建”和“优贡市之利”的政策在当地执行的过程中也出现了一定程度的异化。
Dajing(Great Respect)Dharmaraja bSod-nams rGyal-mtshan was the religious leader of Ji-er-jia tribe in Gansu and Qinghai areas in the Ming Dynasty.He was honored the title of Miaoshau Tonghui Guoshi妙善通慧国师during the Xuande period and lived in Xining,Liangzhou and other places.In the eighth year of Zhengtong(1443),his nephew inherited the title of Guoshi.He acted as the abbot of Jingning Temple at Linqing and took charge of the trade transfer for Tibetan Buddhist communities from Gansu and Qinghai areas in the mainland.During the Chenghua period,he joined Danengren Temple at the capital and was honored as Zen Master,Jingxiu hongshan Guoshi静修弘善国师,Great Guoshi,Xitian fozi.In the 12th year of Chenghua(1476),he assisted the Dawu(Great Enlightenment)Dharmaraja Grags-pa rGyal-mtshan for tea giving charity in Tibetan area of Amdo,and was entitled as Dajing Dharmaraja in the 20th year of Chenghua(1484)and passed away in the 20th year of Hongzhi(1499).Through the research of the life story of bSod-nams rGyal-mtshan,especially in combination of the inscription of Chici Jingning Si Beiji from Linqing area,it can be seen that during the early and middle Ming Dynasty,the Tibetan Buddhist communities in Gansu and Qinghai areas have formed a strong community of common interests.It is also shown that the Ming Dynasty's policies of granting titles to Tibetan Buddhist monks for conciliation and more benefits through trade have presented alienation in the implementation process to some extent.
出处
《中国藏学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第2期46-57,213,214,共14页
China Tibetology
关键词
锁南坚参
端竹领占
札巴坚参
大敬法王
bSod-nams rGyal-mtshan
Don-grub Rin-chen
Grags-pa rGyal-mtshan
Dajingg(Great Respect)Dharmaraja
