摘要
背景:巨噬细胞亚型表现出组织异质性,脂肪组织巨噬细胞表型很大程度上受肥胖的影响,肥胖脂肪组织巨噬细胞导致的局部和系统炎症反应被认为是肥胖相关代谢性疾病的关键病理学原因。目的:通过总结脂肪组织巨噬细胞不同亚型炎症特点及其与肥胖相关代谢性疾病的关系,为靶向特定巨噬细胞亚型探索肥胖相关代谢性疾病的防治策略提供参考依据。方法:检索中国知网、PubMed数据库相关文献,中文检索词为“肥胖,脂肪组织,脂肪组织巨噬细胞,巨噬细胞极化,代谢性疾病”;英文检索词为“obesity,adipose tissue,adipose tissue macrophages,macrophage polarization,metabolic diseases”,依据入选标准对检索结果进行录用或排除,最终纳入符合标准的91篇文献进行综述。结果与结论:①巨噬细胞具有组织异质性,正常情况下,脂肪组织巨噬细胞以抗炎M2型常驻巨噬细胞为主,维持组织炎症稳态;发生肥胖时,肥大脂肪细胞周围围绕大量外来浸润性巨噬细胞,并且大部分表现出促炎特点。因此,曾经被认为是促炎M1型的脂肪组织巨噬细胞实际上可能是多种促炎亚型的集合。对各种促炎亚型特点的进一步认识有助于深入了解肥胖脂肪组织炎症紊乱的机制。②肥胖情况下,外来浸润性巨噬细胞围绕在肥大脂肪细胞周围形成冠状结构,目前已发现冠状结构中有6种不同亚型,其中大部分表现出促炎特性,少数亚型具备抗炎特点,因此充分发挥抗炎亚型作用的同时抑制促炎亚型的分化可能是缓解肥胖脂肪组织炎症损害的新靶向。③已有研究发现M3、MMe、CD9^(+)、LAM脂肪组织巨噬细胞亚型参与动脉粥样硬化、糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗、癌症等代谢疾病的发生发展,DARC+和MFehi脂肪组织巨噬细胞亚型在治疗非酒精性脂肪肝、肥胖胰岛素抵抗、铁死亡相关代谢疾病中起到关键作用。上述研究进一步说明肥胖脂肪组织外来浸润巨噬细胞引起的炎症紊乱是肥胖诱发代谢性疾病的重要病理基础,对各种亚型特点的进一步深入研究具有重要的理论和现实意义。
BACKGROUND:Macrophage subtypes exhibit tissue heterogeneity,and the adipose tissue macrophage phenotype is largely influenced by obesity.Local and systemic inflammatory responses caused by obese adipose tissue macrophages are considered a vital pathological mechanism of obesity-associated metabolic diseases.OBJECTIVE:To summarize the inflammatory characteristics of different macrophage subtypes in adipose tissue and their relationship with obesity-associated metabolic diseases,aiming to provide a reference basis for targeting specific macrophage subtypes to explore preventive and treatment strategies for obesityassociated metabolic diseases.METHODS:Literature retrieval was conducted in CNKI and PubMed using Chinese and English search terms“obesity,adipose tissue,adipose tissue macrophage,macrophage polarisation,metabolic diseases.”The search results were accepted or excluded according to the inclusion criteria.Ninety-one papers that met the criteria were finally included for review.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Macrophages have tissue heterogeneity.Under normal conditions,adipose tissue macrophages are mainly composed of antiinflammatory M2 resident macrophages,which maintain tissue inflammation homeostasis.Under obese conditions,a large number of foreign infiltrating macrophages surround hypertrophic adipocytes,and most of them exhibit pro-inflammatory characteristics.Therefore,it is believed that adipose tissue macrophages of pro-inflammatory M1 type may actually be a collection of multiple pro-inflammatory subtypes.Further understanding of the characteristics of various pro-inflammatory subtypes helps us to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying inflammatory disorders in obese adipose tissue.(2)In obesity,foreign infiltrating macrophages form crown-like structures around hypertrophic adipocytes.Currently,six different subtypes of the crown-like structure have been identified,most of which exhibit pro-inflammatory properties and a few of which possess anti-inflammatory characteristics.Thus,taking full advantage of the anti-inflammatory subtypes while inhibiting the differentiation of the pro-inflammatory subtypes may be a new target for alleviating inflammatory damage in obese adipose tissue.(3)M3,MMe,CD9^(+) and LAM adipose tissue macrophage subtypes have been found to be involved in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis,diabetes,insulin resistance,and cancer.DARC+and MFehi adipose tissue macrophage subtypes play a vital role in the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,obesity insulin resistance,iron death,and other related metabolic diseases.The above studies further suggest that inflammatory disorders caused by externally infiltrated macrophages in obese adipose tissue are an important pathological basis for obesity-induced metabolic diseases.Further in-depth research on the characteristics of various subtypes has important theoretical and practical significance.
作者
赵玉晴
王伟
油惠娟
陈立沅
陈岩
王清路
杨风英
Zhao Yuqing;Wang Wei;You Huijuan;Chen Liyuan;Chen Yan;Wang Qinglu;Yang Fengying(College of Sports and Health,Shandong Sport University,Jinan 250102,Shandong Province,China;Shandong Qingdao Sports Training Center,Qingdao 266023,Shandong Province,China)
出处
《中国组织工程研究》
CAS
北大核心
2025年第13期2832-2841,共10页
Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research
基金
山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2022MH163),项目负责人:杨风英。
关键词
脂肪组织
巨噬细胞
脂肪组织巨噬细胞亚型
代谢性疾病
肥胖
巨噬细胞极化
促炎
抗炎
adipose tissue
macrophage
adipose tissue macrophage subtype
metabolic disease
obesity
macrophage polarization
pro-inflammatory
antiinflammatory
