摘要
回顾我国行政法体系发展的历程,我国行政法体系主要经历了以行政组织法典则的制定为标志的起步阶段,以《行政诉讼法》的颁布为标志的初步形成阶段,以《立法法》的制定为标志的迅速发展阶段,以行政六法概念形成和全部到位为标志的相对有形阶段,以2014年依法治国的顶层设计为标志的瑕疵反思阶段,以及以《民法典》颁布为标志的成为热点阶段。我国目前的行政法体系状况主要呈现为有法群而无法群之引领,有法圈而无清晰边缘,有法阶而无严格位次,有法域而无准确部类。我国行政法体系的不完整性体现在相关典则缺失、典则颁布不平衡、规范错位、总则和分则关系不明、未形成公法闭环系统等方面。虽然来自公法相对滞后、诸国的立法经验、与政治关系密切、理论认知等方面的制约因素使我国行政法体系难以形成。然而,受《民法典》颁布、国家治理现代化、法治体系完整化、公法周延性以及行政法学理逐渐成熟等趋势的影响,我国行政法法典化已经是众望所归。因此,我国行政法的法典化应当通过对法治行政顶层设计的行政法文件进行梳理,对单行行政法规范完善,对部门行政法充实,对宪法延伸,对行政法部类划分,以及对行政法典总则构造的进路予以促成。
Looking back at the development process of China’s administrative law system,it has mainly gone through the initial stage marked by the formulation of the administrative organization law,the initial formation stage marked by the promulgation of the Administrative Litigation Law,the rapid development stage marked by the enactment of the Legislative Law,the relatively tangible stage marked by the formation and full implementation of the six administrative laws,the defect reflection stage marked by the top-level design of rule of law in 2014,and the hot spot stage marked by the promulgation of the Civil Code.The current state of China’s administrative law system is mainly characterized by a group of laws that cannot lead,a legal circle without clear edges,a legal hierarchy without strict hierarchy,and a legal domain without accurate categories.The incompleteness of China’s administrative law system is reflected in the lack of relevant regulations,imbalanced promulgation of regulations,misplaced norms,unclear relationship between general and specific regulations,and failure to form a closed loop system of public law.Although the relatively lagging public law,legislative experience of various countries,close political relations,and theoretical understanding make it difficult for China’s administrative law system to form,the codification of administrative law in China has become widely accepted under the influences of the promulgation of the Civil Code,the modernization of national governance,the completeness of the rule of law system,the comprehensiveness of public law,and the maturity of administrative legal theory.Therefore,the codification of administrative law in our country should be facilitated by sorting out the administrative law documents designed at the top level of rule of law administration,improving the norms of single line administrative law,enriching departmental administrative law,extending the constitution,dividing administrative law departments,and constructing the general provisions of the administrative code.
出处
《上海政法学院学报（法治论丛）》
2024年第4期1-24,共24页
Journal of Shanghai University of Political Science & Law(The Rule of Law Forum)
基金
上海市人民政府发展研究中心2024年度决策咨询研究教育政策专项课题“教育法律、行政法规与部门规章内在关系研究”的阶段性研究成果,项目编号:2024-Z-R10。
关键词
行政法典
行政法发展历史
行政法体系
行政法部类
administrative code
history of the development of administrative law
administrative law system
administrative law department
