摘要
炼油低碳转型发展的关键是高含碳重组分的高效高值利用。通过溶剂脱沥青技术把质量较差的常规焦化原料(即减压渣油)分为脱油沥青(DOA)和脱沥青油(DAO),然后利用相似相溶原理,把两种低价值的以芳烃结构为主的DOA和催化裂化轻循环油(LCO)混合进行加氢(组分炼油),同时DAO单独加氢,形成了中石化石油化工科学研究院有限公司一体化加氢RIGHT(RIPP InteGrated HydroTreating)技术。加氢后DOA进焦化装置可以生产低金属(V、Ni质量分数均小于150μg/g)或低金属低硫(硫质量分数不大于3.0%)的石油焦,为高端炭材料提供高质量前躯体。与常规焦化相比,RIGHT技术可把低档次的高金属和高硫含量的石油焦产率降低约70%。加氢后的LCO满足LTAG进料要求,可以生产轻芳烃(BTX)和高辛烷值汽油调合组分;DAO在比常规渣油加氢质量空速高1倍的情况下进行加氢,加氢后DAO的氢质量分数为12.25%~12.32%,残炭小于2.0%,金属(Ni+V)质量分数小于0.1μg/g,是优质催化裂化/催化裂解原料,可以多产低碳烯烃和高辛烷值汽油调合组分并大幅度降低过程剂耗。基于DOA和LCO混合油中高金属含量特点,研发了脱金属和容金属能力更强的RRC系列资源再造催化剂,运转后催化剂金属V和Ni沉积量高,是获取高价值V和Ni,尤其是V的宝贵资源。DAO加氢装置运转周期可以提高至4年,从根本上解决渣油加氢装置运转周期短的问题,同时后部渣油加氢脱硫催化剂可以再生,能够提高催化剂资源利用率。RIGHT技术能把减压渣油通过组分炼油技术更多地用于生产高价值低硫低金属含量石油焦和化工料,从而实现炼油领域高碳含量组分的低碳化和高值化利用。
The key to the low-carbon transformation development of oil refining is the efficient and high-value utilization of heavy component(vacuum residue)with high carbon contents.The conventional coking feedstock with poor quality was divided into deoiled asphalt(DOA)and deasphalted oil(DAO)by solvent deasphalting technology,and then based on the“Like dissolves like”rule,two types of low-value DOA and catalytic cracking light cycle oil(LCO)were mixed for hydrogenation(component refining),while DAO was used for hydrogenation alone,and the RIGHT(RIPP InteGrated Hydrotreating Technology)technology of SINOPEC Petrochemical Research Institute Co.,Ltd.was formed.Hydrogenated DOA can be coked to produce petroleum coke with low metal(V mass fraction<150μg/g,Ni mass fraction<150μg/g)or low metal and low sulfur(sulfur mass fraction 3.0%),which can provide high-quality precursors for high-end carbon materials.Compared with conventional coking technology,RIGHT technology can reduce the yield of low-grade petroleum coke with high metal and high sulfur content by about 70%.The hydrogenated LCO can meet the LTAG feed requirements,thus producing light aromatics(BTX)and gasoline components with high octane number.DAO was hydrogenated at LHSV(liquid hourly space velocity)twice as high as that of conventional residual oil.After hydrogenation,hydrogen mass fraction in DAO was 12.25%-12.32%,micro-carbon residue was less than 2.0%,and the mass fraction of metal(Ni+V)was less than 0.1μg/g.Hydrotreated DAO can be applied as a high-quality FCC/DCC feedstock,it can produce more components of light olefins and gasoline components with high octane number and greatly reduce catalyst consumption.Based on the characteristics of high metal content in DOA and LCO blended oil,a series of resource recycling catalysts RRC with high demetallization and metal capacity were developed.After operation,a large amount of metal V and Ni were deposited on the catalyst,which is a valuable resource for obtaining high-value V and Ni,especially V metal.The turnaround cycle of the DAO hydrotreating unit can be increased to 4 years,which can solve the problem of the short operation cycle of residue hydrotreating unit.At the same time,the rear catalyst can be regenerated,which can improve the utilization rate of catalyst resources.RIGHT technology can produce high-value,low-sulfur and low-metal petroleum coke and chemical materials from vacuum residue through component refining technology,thus realizing the low-carbon and high-value utilization of high-carbon components in the refining field.
作者
杨清河
牛传峰
贾燕子
胡大为
孙淑玲
任亮
刘自宾
王翠红
沈明欢
戴立顺
王振
浦宁
王威
Yang Qinghe;Niu Chuanfeng;Jia Yanzi;Hu Dawei;Sun Shuling;Ren Liang;Liu Zibin;Wang Cuihong;Shen Minghuan;Dai Lishun;Wang Zhen;Pu Ning;Wang Wei(SINOPEC Research Institute of Petroleum Processing Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083)
出处
《石油炼制与化工》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2024年第8期7-17,共11页
Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals
基金
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFA1501204)
中国石油化工股份有限公司合同项目(119005-1)。
关键词
减压渣油
溶剂脱沥青
加氢
脱沥青油
RIGHT
石油焦
低碳烯烃
轻芳烃
vacuum residue
solvent deasphalting
hydrotreating
deoiled asphalt
RIGHT
petroleum coke
light olefins
light aromatics
