摘要
对病原体未知但病原性较高、需要紧急采取强制防控措施的突发原因不明的传染病建构全周期防控机制,是我国当前公共卫生法治建设面临的重要挑战。《传染病防治法(修订草案)》引入“新发传染病”这一医学术语,容易造成新的混乱;并列规定“新发”“突发”传染病防控机制缺乏科学性;“新发”“突发”传染病监测、报告及即时防控制度未能充分理解和尊重新传染病的特点,亦未形成闭环防控机制。应基于突发原因不明的传染病的发生发展规律,在《传染病防治法》中直接引入“新传染病”的概念并将其法定传染病化,明确规定新传染病强制性防控措施的具体适用,重构包括新传染病监测、报告、判定、信息发布、紧急处置、应急响应在内的分阶段、全周期的闭环防控机制。
Constructing a full-cycle prevention and control mechanism for pathogen-unknown but highly pathogenic sudden infectious diseases that require urgent compulsory prevention and control measures is an important challenge for the legal construction of public health in China.The introduction of the medi⁃cal term“emerging infectious diseases”in the draft revision of the Law on the Prevention and Control of In⁃fectious Diseases is likely to cause new confusion;The infectious diseases prevention and control mechanism that juxtaposes“emerging”and“sudden”is unscientific;The system for monitoring,reporting and immediate prevention and control of“emerging”and“sudden”infectious diseases failed to fully under⁃stand and respect the characteristics of new infectious diseases,and did not form a closed-loop prevention and control mechanism.It is advisable to directly introduce the concept of“new infectious diseases”and make them legal infectious diseases based on the occurrence and development order of sudden infectious dis⁃eases with unknown causes,clearly stipulate the specific application of mandatory prevention and control measures for new infectious diseases,and restructure the phased and full-cycle closed-loop mechanism of monitoring,reporting,determination,information release,emergency disposal and emergency response of new infectious diseases.
作者
刘兰秋
LIU Lan-qiu(Capital Medical University School of Health Humanities,Beijing 10069)
出处
《行政法学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第4期71-82,共12页
ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW
基金
2020年度国家社科基金重大项目“突发重大公共卫生事件防控的法治体系研究”(项目编号:20&ZD188)。
关键词
突发原因不明的传染病
法定传染病
新发传染病
新传染病
防控机制
Sudden Infectious Diseases with Unknown Causes
Notifiable Infectious Diseases
Emer⁃ging Infectious Diseases
New Infectious Diseases
Prevention and Control Mechanism
