摘要
近年来,我国技巧项目发展迅速,比赛难度水平不断提高。本文采用文献资料法、德尔菲法、层次分析法、数理统计法,对我国技巧项目12~19岁底座运动员竞技能力评价指标体系进行研究。结果认为:(1)体能水平、发挥水平2个准则层指标,身体形态、身体机能、运动素质、技术能力、心理能力5个要素层指标,身高、下肢长、肩宽等27个指标层指标可构建我国技巧项目12~19岁底座运动员竞技能力评价指标体系。(2)准则层体能水平部分包括由身体形态、身体机能、运动素质3个要素层指标,影响权重系数共计0.833;准则层发挥水平部分包括技术能力、心理能力2个要素层指标,影响权重系数共计0.167。(3)各要素层指标下的指标层权重系数排名前5的指标分别是心功指数(0.129)>靠墙静蹲(0.109)>克托莱指数(0.104)>难度动作的完成质量(0.101)>比赛动机水平(0.017)。建议:依据确定的评价指标体系及各项指标权重,在进行12~19岁底座运动员竞技能力评价时,要重视底座运动员体能及权重系数较高的指标方面的训练。
In recent years,acrobatic gymnastics in China have seen rapid development,accompanied by an increase in the level of competition difficulty.The present study employs literature review,the Delphi method,analytic hierarchy process,and mathematical statistics to investigate the evaluation index system of competitive ability for base athletes of acrobatic gymnastics aged 12-19 in China.The findings reveal the following:(1)The evaluation index system can be constructed using two criteria-level indicators—physical fitness level and performance level,five element-level indicators—body shape,physical function,motor quality,technical ability,and psychological ability,and 27 indicator-level metrics such as height,lower limb length,and shoulder width.(2)The criteria-level indicators include a physical fitness level portion comprising three element-level indicators—body shape,physical function,motor quality,with a combined impact weight coefficient of 0.833;and a performance level portion comprising two element-level indicators—technical ability and psychological ability,with a combined impact weight coefficient of 0.167.(3)The top five indicator-level weight coefficients for each element-level indicator are as follows:cardiac index(0.129)>wall squat(0.109)>Quetelet Index(0.104)>quality of completing difficult movements(0.101)>level of competitive motivation(0.017).SUGGESTIONS:When evaluating the competitive ability of base athletes aged 12-19,it is important to focus on physical fitness and training in areas with higher weight coefficients according to the determined evaluation index system.
作者
李彦丽
夏娇阳
Li Yanli;Xia Jiaoyang(Graduate School of China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China;不详)
出处
《体育科技文献通报》
2024年第7期33-36,77,共5页
Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology
关键词
技巧项目
竞技能力
评价指标体系
acrobatic gymnastics
competitive ability
evaluation index system
