摘要
河流水电工程等人类活动破坏了河道连通性,改变了地形地貌以及底质特征,可能导致局部鱼类产卵场生境破坏。针对齐口裂腹鱼产卵场,构建了融合流速、水深、底质生境需求的产卵场生境适宜评价模型,利用水槽试验研究确定了不同底质修复方案下的河床糙率变化,并采用流速验证的方法进行模型验证,结果表明本研究建立的鱼类产卵场模型可以较好地模拟产卵场的水动力学条件及加权可利用面积(weighted useable Area,WUA)分布情况。对齐口裂腹鱼产卵场底质修复后的生境条件模拟结果表明,当底质指数在60%时,相较于修复前,齐口裂腹鱼在三种流量条件下的WUA从343.0~536.2m^(2)提升至1225.2~2019.1m^(2),WUA占比从3.0%~5.9%提升至10.7%~22.5%,得到了明显改善。该研究成果可以为鱼类产卵场的生境模拟以及底质修复方案提供科学依据和参考。
Human activities such as hydropower projects have disrupted river connectivity,altered topography and sediment characteristics,and may lead to the destruction of local fish spawning habitats.This research constructed a suitable evaluation model for spawning grounds of Schizothorax prenanti,which integrated flow velocity,water depth,and substrate habitat requirements.The changes in riverbed roughness under different substrate restoration schemes were determined through flume experiments,and the model was validated using flow velocity verification method.The results indicated that the fish spawning ground model established in this research can effectively simulate the hydrodynamic conditions and WUA distribution of spawning grounds.The simulation results of habitat conditions after substrate rehabilitation in the spawning ground of Schizothorax prenanti showed that when the substrate index was 60%,the WUA of Schizothorax prenanti under three flow conditions increased from 343.0 ~ 536.2m^(2) to 1225.2 ~ 2019.1 m^(2),compared with previous rehabilitation.The proportion of WUA increased from 3.0% ~ 5.9% to 10.7% ~ 22.5%,indicating a significant improvement.This research achievement can provide scientific basis and reference for habitat simulation and substrate rehabilitation plans of fish spawning grounds.
作者
李茜
张天予
冯镜洁
何涛
李然
LI Qian;ZHANG Tian-yu;FENG Jing-jie;HE Tao;LI Ran(PowerChina Chengdu Engineering Corporation Limited,Chengdu 611130,China;Southwest Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute of China,Chengdu 610213,China;State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics&Mountain River Engineering,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610065,China)
出处
《四川环境》
2024年第4期84-93,共10页
Sichuan Environment
基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目(52039006)
国家自然科学基金长江水科学研究联合基金(U2240212)。
关键词
齐口裂腹鱼
产卵场
River2D模型
水力生境
底质修复
Schizothorax prenanti
spawning ground
River2D model
hydraulic habitat
substrate rehabilitation
