摘要
目的 查明吐鲁番市A村一起布鲁氏菌病(以下简称布病)疫情来源,确定疫情发生的规模和感染的危险因素,及时采取有效措施控制疫情蔓延。方法 通过布病血清学检测方法进行实验室诊断,制定本次疫情的病例定义并开展病例搜索,用现场流行病学调查方法对结果进行分析。结果 共发现8例布病病例,其中确诊病例6例,临床诊断病例2例。发病时间为2023年4月18日—5月26日,呈现持续同源暴露模式。病例集中发生在A村的两户家庭,11名家庭成员中有8人发病;检测病家羊15只,其中6只阳性,阳性率为40.00%;8例病例中有2人曾无任何防护为流产羊进行接羔。现场调查显示,两户家庭共用一羊圈,而且羊圈距离房屋非常近,卫生环境较差,其他病例可能通过暴露于被羊只污染的外环境而感染。结论 本次事件为一起因接羔而引起的布病暴发疫情,传染源为病羊;建议对该村家畜进行风险评估,避免传染源持续驻留而再次发生暴发,加强宣传教育,畜圈应与生活区分开,发现病羊或流产羊应及时报告畜牧部门。
Objective To investigate the source of a brucellosis epidemic in a village of Turpan city and determine the scale of the epidemic and the risk factors of infection,and take effective measures to control the spread of the epidemic in time.Methods The serological test for detection of brucellosis was used in the laboratory diagnosis.The cases were searched according to the case definition in the epidemic.The result were analyzed by field epidemiological investigation method.Results A total of 8 cases of brucellosis were found,including 6 confirmed cases and 2 clinically diagnosed cases.The time of disease onset was from April 18 to May 26,2023,showing a continuous homologous exposure mode.The cases were concentrated in two households in village A,and 8 of the 11 family members were infected.Fifteen sheep in the patients’houses were tested.Six sheep were positive,and the positive rate was 40.00%.For the 8 patients,two assisted in the lambing process for a sheep that had miscarried,all without taking any protective measures.Field investigation showed that two households shared a sheep pen which was very close to the house.The sanitary environment was poor.Other cases may have been infected by exposure to an external environment contaminated by sheep.Conclusions The event was an outbreak of brucellosis caused by lambing,and the source of infection was infected sheep.It is suggested that risk assessment of livestock should becarried out in the village to avoid the recurrence of the outbreak due to the continuously existance of infection source.The publicity and education should be enhanced for separation of environments for livestocks and human as well as timely reporting to local animal husbandry department in case of sick sheep or abortion.
作者
王蒴
迪力夏提·木明
翟啸虎
尼格德力·阿力腾赛尔
木合塔·艾山
张海亭
赵江山
WANG Shuo;Dilixiati Muming;ZHAI Xiaohu;Nigedeli Alitengsaier;Muhetar Aishan;ZHANG Haiting;ZHAO Jiangshan(The Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Uygur 830000,China;不详)
出处
《首都公共卫生》
2024年第3期185-187,共3页
Capital Journal of Public Health
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研究项目(编号:2022B03013-1)。
