摘要
AI意识是指员工对人工智能、智能机器人和算法等新兴信息技术对其未来职业发展影响的看法。然而,随着人与AI协同交互的加深,现有研究大多集中于AI本身所具有的属性或功能为人类员工创新绩效带来的辅助和提升,忽视了员工作为使用AI的重要主体,其自身意识对创新绩效发挥影响的过程。为弥补现有研究不足,本研究主要探讨员工AI意识如何以及何时影响其创新绩效。首先,在对现有关于AI意识的内涵测量以及影响后果进行回顾的基础上,将AI意识划分为挑战和威胁两个维度,并对AI挑战意识和AI威胁意识进行内涵界定。其次,基于工作要求-资源模型提出AI挑战-威胁意识通过趋近-回避型人机工作重塑对创新绩效的双重影响效应相关命题。第三,在此基础上进一步论述AI的灵活性和拟人性等外在特征,以及个体核心自我评价和AI自我效能等内在特征在AI意识与创新绩效关系中的调节效应。本研究有助于我们更全面地认识创新绩效的驱动因素,为提升创新绩效提供新的思路和方法 ,并为管理者在数智化时代背景下处理员工与AI协同方面提供理论与实践启示。
Al awareness refers to employees'views on the impact of emerging information technologies such as artificial intelligence,robots and algorithms on their future career development.However,with the deepening of collaboration and interaction between human and Al,most of the existing research focus on the auxiliary and enhancement of the innovative performance of employees brought by the attributes or functions of AI itself,while ignoring the process of the influence of employees'own awareness on innovative performance as an important subject using Al.In order to make up for the shortcomings of previous studies,this study mainly discusses how and when employees AI awareness affects their innovative performance.First,by reviewing the existing research on the measurement and the consequences of AI awareness,this study categorized AI awareness into two dimensions,challenge awareness and threat awareness,and defined AI challenge awareness and AI threat awareness.Second,based on the Job Demands-Resources model,this study proposed the dual effects of AI challenge-threat awareness on innovative performance through approach-avoidance human-machine job crafting.Finally,we further discussed the moderating effects of AI's external characteristics,such as AI flexibility and AI anthropomorphism,as well as individuals'intrinsic characteristics,including core self-evaluation and AI self-efficacy,in the relationship between AI awareness and innovative performance.This study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of the driving factors of innovative performance,providing new ideas and methods for improving innovative performance,and offering theoretical and practical insights for managers to handle the collaboration between employees and Al in the era of digitization and intelligence.
作者
桂橙林
赵旭宏
张鹏程
刘智强
周蓉
Chenglin GUI;Xuhong ZHAO;Pengcheng ZHANG;Zhiqiang LIU;Rong ZHOU(School of Business Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073;School of Management,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074;School of Economics and Management,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031)
出处
《中国人力资源开发》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第8期6-22,共17页
Human Resources Development of China
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(23YJC630046)
教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目(21JZD056)
国家自然科学基金项目(72072066,72202096,72302112)
华中科技大学研究生创新基金(YCJJ20242232)。
关键词
AI意识
趋近型人机工作重塑
回避型人机工作重塑
创新绩效
AI Awareness
Approach Human-machine Job Crafting
Avoidance Human-machine Job Crafting
Innovative Performance
